{"id":57311,"date":"2023-04-25T14:38:04","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T19:38:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-the-difference-between-biodiesel-and-regular-diesel\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:17:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:17:29","slug":"what-is-the-difference-between-biodiesel-and-regular-diesel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/what-is-the-difference-between-biodiesel-and-regular-diesel\/","title":{"rendered":"Biodiesel vs. Nafta: Rozd\u00edly v palivech pro automobily"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Biodiesel a klasick\u00e1 nafta \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly<\/p>\n<p>Biodiesel a nafta z ropy, a\u010dkoli ob\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed jako palivo pro vzn\u011btov\u00e9 motory, se v mnoha ohledech li\u0161\u00ed.  Tyto rozd\u00edly se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed jak jejich slo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdroby, tak i vlivu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a vlastnosti spalov\u00e1n\u00ed.  Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto rozd\u00edl\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod obou paliv.<\/p>\n<p>Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdroba<\/p>\n<p>Klasick\u00e1 nafta je destilovan\u00e1 z ropy, komplexn\u00ed sm\u011bsi uhlovod\u00edk\u016f.  Jej\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed je pom\u011brn\u011b variabiln\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na zdroji ropy a procesu rafinace.  Biodiesel, na rozd\u00edl od toho, je vyroben z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jako jsou rostlinn\u00e9 oleje (nap\u0159. \u0159epkov\u00fd, s\u00f3jov\u00fd) nebo \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 tuky.  Proces v\u00fdroby, zvan\u00fd transesterifikace, zahrnuje reakci t\u011bchto olej\u016f s alkoholem (obvykle methanolem) za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti katalyz\u00e1toru. V\u00fdsledkem je sm\u011bs mastn\u00fdch kyselin methylester\u016f (FAME), kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed biodiesel.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Vlastnost<\/th>\n<th>Klasick\u00e1 nafta<\/th>\n<th>Biodiesel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Zdroj<\/td>\n<td>Ropa<\/td>\n<td>Rostlinn\u00e9 oleje, \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 tuky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Slo\u017een\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Sm\u011bs uhlovod\u00edk\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Sm\u011bs mastn\u00fdch kyselin methylester\u016f (FAME)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Obnovitelnost<\/td>\n<td>Neobnoviteln\u00fd<\/td>\n<td>Obnoviteln\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u00fdroba<\/td>\n<td>Rafinace ropy<\/td>\n<td>Transesterifikace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Vliv na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi biodieselem a klasickou naftou spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jejich ekologick\u00e9m dopadu. Biodiesel je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za palivo s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed uhl\u00edkovou stopou, jeliko\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje a b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu uvol\u0148uje m\u00e9n\u011b sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f.  Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v\u00fdroba biodieselu m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt i negativn\u00ed vlivy, nap\u0159\u00edklad na odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin ur\u010den\u00fdch k v\u00fdrob\u011b biopaliv.  Klasick\u00e1 nafta naopak p\u0159edstavuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a to jak p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ropy, tak p\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Vlastnost<\/th>\n<th>Klasick\u00e1 nafta<\/th>\n<th>Biodiesel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vliv na odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd (p\u0159\u00edmo)<\/td>\n<td>Potenci\u00e1ln\u011b negativn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Spalovac\u00ed vlastnosti a vlastnosti paliva<\/p>\n<p>Biodiesel m\u00e1 oproti klasick\u00e9 naft\u011b n\u011bkter\u00e9 odli\u0161n\u00e9 spalovac\u00ed vlastnosti.  Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed biodieselu je obecn\u011b \u010dist\u0161\u00ed, s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm obsahem \u0161kodliv\u00fdch emis\u00ed (nap\u0159. pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic).  M\u00e1 v\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed viskozitu, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee vy\u017eadovat \u00fapravy palivov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, zejm\u00e9na u star\u0161\u00edch vozidel.  Biodiesel tak\u00e9 m\u00e1 tendenci k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu zahu\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit startov\u00e1n\u00ed motoru za chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Vlastnost<\/th>\n<th>Klasick\u00e1 nafta<\/th>\n<th>Biodiesel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Viskozita<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bod vzplanut\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Teplotn\u00ed odolnost<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed (v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tendence k zahu\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u010cistota spalov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee biodiesel a klasick\u00e1 nafta se li\u0161\u00ed v mnoha aspektech, od jejich chemick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdroby a\u017e po jejich vliv na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a spalovac\u00ed vlastnosti.  Biodiesel nab\u00edz\u00ed potenci\u00e1l k redukci uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy, ale je nutn\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017eit i potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed negativn\u00ed dopady jeho v\u00fdroby a tak\u00e9 jeho ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotn\u00ed odolnost.  Volba mezi t\u011bmito palivy z\u00e1vis\u00ed na individu\u00e1ln\u00edch priorit\u00e1ch a okolnostech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biodiesel a klasick\u00e1 nafta \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly Biodiesel a nafta z ropy, a\u010dkoli ob\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed jako palivo pro vzn\u011btov\u00e9 motory, se v mnoha ohledech li\u0161\u00ed. Tyto rozd\u00edly se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed jak jejich slo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdroby, tak i vlivu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a vlastnosti spalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto rozd\u00edl\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod obou<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57311"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57311\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}