{"id":57681,"date":"2023-04-22T03:01:37","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:01:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-generator\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:09:36","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:09:36","slug":"how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-generator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-generator\/","title":{"rendered":"Ultrazvukov\u00fd gener\u00e1tor: N\u00e1vod krok za krokem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gener\u00e1tor ultrazvuku je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 produkuje zvukov\u00e9 vlny o frekvenci vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz, tedy nad hranic\u00ed sly\u0161itelnosti lidsk\u00e9ho ucha.  Jeho konstrukce a funk\u010dnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed, od jednoduch\u00fdch \u010disti\u010dek a\u017e po sofistikovan\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy a kroky k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de<\/h3>\n<p>Srdcem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru je piezoelektrick\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d.  Tento element p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje elektrickou energii na mechanickou vibraci a naopak.  Pro jednoduch\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9 disky, dostupn\u00e9 u r\u016fzn\u00fdch dodavatel\u016f elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek.  V\u00fdb\u011br z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci a v\u00fdkonu.  Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed frekvence vy\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bni\u010de.  D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je zvolit m\u011bni\u010d s vhodnou rezonan\u010dn\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci ultrazvuku.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Parametr<\/th>\n<th>Hodnota (p\u0159\u00edklad)<\/th>\n<th>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Frekvence<\/td>\n<td>40 kHz<\/td>\n<td>Volba z\u00e1vis\u00ed na aplikaci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pr\u016fm\u011br<\/td>\n<td>20 mm<\/td>\n<td>Vliv na v\u00fdkon a rozptyl ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tlou\u0161\u0165ka<\/td>\n<td>1 mm<\/td>\n<td>Vliv na rezonan\u010dn\u00ed frekvenci a mechanickou pevnost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kapacita<\/td>\n<td>1000 pF<\/td>\n<td>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro n\u00e1vrh \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho obvodu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Navr\u017een\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho obvodu<\/h3>\n<p>Piezoelektrick\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d nelze p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159ipojit k nap\u00e1jec\u00edmu zdroji.  Vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed obvod, kter\u00fd generuje vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 impulsy s p\u0159esnou frekvenc\u00ed a tvarovou vlnou.  Pro jednoduch\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed oscil\u00e1tory s opera\u010dn\u00edmi zesilova\u010di (nap\u0159. NE555) a tranzistory pro zes\u00edlen\u00ed v\u00fdkonu.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvolit vhodn\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnou vysok\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed a proud, kter\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d vy\u017eaduje.<\/p>\n<h3>Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed a chlazen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory \u010dasto vy\u017eaduj\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm, ne\u017e je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 pro n\u00edzkop\u0159\u00edkonov\u00e9 obvody.  Volba nap\u00e1jen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pou\u017eit\u00e9m m\u011bni\u010di a \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edm obvodu.  P\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdkonech je nutn\u00e9 zajistit dostate\u010dn\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stek.  To m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat pou\u017eit\u00ed chladi\u010d\u016f a ventil\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 a zapojen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Po sestaven\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho obvodu a p\u0159ipojen\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je nutn\u00e9 v\u0161e um\u00edstit do vhodn\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b.  Sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt mechanicky pevn\u00e1 a chr\u00e1nit sou\u010d\u00e1stky p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u011b zapojit v\u0161echny sou\u010d\u00e1stky a zajistit dobrou izolaci, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo \u00faraz\u016fm elektrick\u00fdm proudem.  Kvalitn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed je kritick\u00e9 pro bezprobl\u00e9movou funkci gener\u00e1toru.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee konstrukce ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru vy\u017eaduje znalosti elektroniky a pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu.  Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br sou\u010d\u00e1stek a pe\u010dliv\u00e9 zapojen\u00ed jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro funk\u010dnost a bezpe\u010dnost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.  I jednoduch\u00fd gener\u00e1tor vy\u017eaduje pozornost k detail\u016fm, aby dos\u00e1hl po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a spolehlivosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gener\u00e1tor ultrazvuku je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 produkuje zvukov\u00e9 vlny o frekvenci vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz, tedy nad hranic\u00ed sly\u0161itelnosti lidsk\u00e9ho ucha. Jeho konstrukce a funk\u010dnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed, od jednoduch\u00fdch \u010disti\u010dek a\u017e po sofistikovan\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy a kroky k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru. V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de Srdcem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19250,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57681"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57681\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}