{"id":57811,"date":"2023-04-22T02:56:21","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T07:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/which-animals-produce-ultrasonic-sound\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:18:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:18:19","slug":"which-animals-produce-ultrasonic-sound","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/which-animals-produce-ultrasonic-sound\/","title":{"rendered":"Ultrazvuk v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i: Kte\u0159\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 ho vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvuk v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm jevem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje mnoha druh\u016fm zv\u00ed\u0159at vn\u00edmat a interagovat se sv\u00fdm okol\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd je pro lidsk\u00e9 smysly nedostupn\u00fd.  Schopnost produkovat ultrazvuk je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d r\u016fzn\u00fdmi taxony a slou\u017e\u00ed k nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, od lovu a orientace a\u017e po komunikaci a p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed popis zv\u00ed\u0159at, kter\u00e1 produkuj\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9 zvuky.<\/p>\n<p>Netop\u00fd\u0159i: Mist\u0159i ultrazvukov\u00e9 echolokace<\/p>\n<p>Netop\u00fd\u0159i jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi tvory vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi ultrazvuk.  V\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f netop\u00fdr\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 echolokaci pro navigaci v tmav\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a lov hmyzu.  Vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 impulsy ultrazvuku a analyzuj\u00ed odrazy t\u011bchto vln, aby si vytvo\u0159ili prostorovou mapu sv\u00e9ho okol\u00ed.  Frekvence emitovan\u00fdch zvuk\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na druhu a dokonce i na individu\u00e1ln\u00edm jedinci, typicky se pohybuje v rozmez\u00ed od 20 kHz do p\u0159es 200 kHz.  Intenzita a d\u00e9lka impuls\u016f se tak\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed podle okolnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Druh netop\u00fdra<\/th>\n<th>Frekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah (kHz)<\/th>\n<th>Typ lovu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><em>Pipistrellus pipistrellus<\/em><\/td>\n<td>45-55<\/td>\n<td>Hmyz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>Myotis myotis<\/em><\/td>\n<td>25-50<\/td>\n<td>Hmyz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum<\/em><\/td>\n<td>70-80<\/td>\n<td>Hmyz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Kytovci: Ultrazvuk v oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch hlubin\u00e1ch<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho druh\u016f kytovc\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b delf\u00edn\u016f a svi\u0148uch, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ultrazvuk pro echolokaci a komunikaci v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed.  Podobn\u011b jako netop\u00fd\u0159i, i kytovci vys\u00edlaj\u00ed zvukov\u00e9 impulsy a analyzuj\u00ed jejich odrazy, aby si vytvo\u0159ili obraz sv\u00e9ho okol\u00ed.  Ultrazvuk jim umo\u017e\u0148uje detekovat ko\u0159ist, vyh\u00fdbat se p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m a dokonce i rozpozn\u00e1vat jin\u00e9 jedince.  Frekvence a charakteristiky ultrazvukov\u00fdch zvuk\u016f kytovc\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na druhu a \u00fa\u010delu.<\/p>\n<p>Hmyz: Mal\u00ed producenti ultrazvuku<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy hmyzu, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkter\u00e9 cvr\u010dky a m\u016fry, tak\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed ultrazvuk.  V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016fr slou\u017e\u00ed ultrazvuk k detekci netop\u00fdr\u016f, jejich hlavn\u00edch pred\u00e1tor\u016f.  M\u016fry tak mohou vyhnout nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. U cvr\u010dk\u016f se ultrazvuk pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro komunikaci a p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ostatn\u00ed savci a hlodavci<\/p>\n<p>I n\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed druhy savc\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy hlodavc\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9 zvuky k navigaci a komunikaci.  Studium ultrazvuku u t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at je obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale v\u00fdzkum v t\u00e9to oblasti postupn\u011b odhaluje st\u00e1le v\u00edce detail\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/p>\n<p>Schopnost produkovat a vn\u00edmat ultrazvuk je \u00fachvatnou adaptac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje mnoha zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm efektivn\u011b interagovat se sv\u00fdm okol\u00edm.  Od netop\u00fdr\u016f lov\u00edc\u00edch v noci a\u017e po delf\u00edny proplouvaj\u00edc\u00ed oce\u00e1ny, ultrazvuk hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto druh\u016f.  Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v t\u00e9to oblasti n\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt fascinuj\u00edc\u00edmu sv\u011btu ultrazvuku v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvuk v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm jevem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje mnoha druh\u016fm zv\u00ed\u0159at vn\u00edmat a interagovat se sv\u00fdm okol\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd je pro lidsk\u00e9 smysly nedostupn\u00fd. Schopnost produkovat ultrazvuk je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d r\u016fzn\u00fdmi taxony a slou\u017e\u00ed k nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, od lovu a orientace a\u017e po komunikaci a p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed popis zv\u00ed\u0159at,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26469,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57811"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57811\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}