{"id":59027,"date":"2023-04-22T00:25:25","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:25:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-produce-ultrasonic-sound\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:11:51","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:11:51","slug":"how-to-produce-ultrasonic-sound","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-produce-ultrasonic-sound\/","title":{"rendered":"Generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ultrazvuk, zvuk s frekvenc\u00ed nad 20 kHz, je lidsk\u00fdm uchem nesly\u0161iteln\u00fd, ale m\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a\u017e po pr\u016fmysl. Jeho produkce vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00e9 technologie a pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f jeho vzniku. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se podrobn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody v\u00fdroby ultrazvuku.<\/p>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed<\/p>\n

Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku je vyu\u017eit\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu. Piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je k\u0159emen nebo n\u011bkter\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly (nap\u0159. PZT \u2013 zirkonitan olovnato-barnat\u00fd), m\u011bn\u00ed svou mechanickou rozm\u011brovou zm\u011bnu v z\u00e1vislosti na elektrick\u00e9m poli a naopak. Aplikac\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed na piezoelektrick\u00fd krystal s frekvenc\u00ed v ultrazvukov\u00e9m rozsahu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jeho periodick\u00e9mu roztahov\u00e1n\u00ed a smr\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e generuje ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny. Frekvence ultrazvuku je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 frekvenci aplikovan\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Kvalita a intenzita generovan\u00e9ho ultrazvuku z\u00e1vis\u00ed na materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch vlastnostech krystalu, jeho geometrii a parametrech aplikovan\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\nFrekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah (kHz)<\/th>\nV\u00fdhody<\/th>\nNev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
K\u0159emen<\/td>\n100 – 1000<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1 stabilita frekvence, n\u00edzk\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta energie<\/td>\nK\u0159ehk\u00fd, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 v\u00fdroba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PZT keramika<\/td>\n1 – 10000<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost, flexibiln\u00ed tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\nVy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta energie ne\u017e k\u0159emen, z\u00e1vislost vlastnost\u00ed na teplot\u011b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed gener\u00e1tory<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed metoda vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed jev, kter\u00fd popisuje zm\u011bnu rozm\u011br\u016f feromagnetick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu v z\u00e1vislosti na magnetick\u00e9m poli. Aplikac\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho pole na magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, typicky niklov\u00fd slitiny, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jeho vibrac\u00edm a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 generaci ultrazvuku. Tato metoda je vhodn\u00e1 pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdkon\u016f, ale frekven\u010dn\u00ed stabilita je obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u piezoelektrick\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1tory zalo\u017een\u00e9 na elektromagnetick\u00e9 excitaci<\/p>\n

Elektromagnetick\u00e1 excitace p\u0159edstavuje alternativn\u00ed metodu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se ultrazvuk generuje pomoc\u00ed elektromagnetick\u00e9 s\u00edly p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na kovov\u00fd membr\u00e1nu. St\u0159\u00eddav\u00fd proud proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed c\u00edvkou vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pole, kter\u00e9 interaguje s membr\u00e1nou a zp\u016fsobuje jej\u00ed vibrace. Tato metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje generovat ultrazvuk s \u0161irok\u00fdm rozsahem frekvenc\u00ed a relativn\u011b vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem. Av\u0161ak konstrukce t\u011bchto gener\u00e1tor\u016f je slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Aplikace ultrazvukov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f<\/p>\n

Ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech. V l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro ultrazvukovou diagnostiku, terapii a chirurgick\u00e9 z\u00e1kroky. V pr\u016fmyslu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro ultrazvukovou defektoskopii, \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch proces\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, v oblasti ultrazvukov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se s \u00fasp\u011bchem vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed od spole\u010dnosti Beijing Ultrasonic, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed efektivn\u00ed a spolehliv\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n

Ultrazvukov\u00e1 technologie je dynamickou oblast\u00ed s neust\u00e1l\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem. V\u00fdzkum se zam\u011b\u0159uje na v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f s lep\u0161\u00edmi piezoelektrick\u00fdmi a magnetostrik\u010dn\u00edmi vlastnostmi, stejn\u011b jako na zlep\u0161en\u00ed konstrukce a \u00fa\u010dinnosti ultrazvukov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f. D\u00edky tomu se roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed i mo\u017enosti jejich uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v st\u00e1le nov\u00fdch oblastech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ultrazvuk, zvuk s frekvenc\u00ed nad 20 kHz, je lidsk\u00fdm uchem nesly\u0161iteln\u00fd, ale m\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a\u017e po pr\u016fmysl. Jeho produkce vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00e9 technologie a pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f jeho vzniku. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se podrobn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody v\u00fdroby ultrazvuku. Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku je vyu\u017eit\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59027\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}