{"id":59157,"date":"2023-04-22T00:12:38","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:12:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-ultrasonic-transducer\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:11:33","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:11:33","slug":"how-to-make-ultrasonic-transducer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-ultrasonic-transducer\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdroba ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de: Podrobn\u00fd n\u00e1vod"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ultrazvukov\u00e9 m\u011bni\u010de nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 automatizace a\u017e po automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl a spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektroniku. Jejich v\u00fdroba je komplexn\u00ed proces vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed precizn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a hlubok\u00e9 znalosti fyziky a materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch v\u011bd. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed popis procesu v\u00fdroby ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/h3>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je piezoelektrick\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Jeho vlastnosti, jako je piezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient, mechanick\u00e1 impedance a Curieova teplota, p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed vlastnosti v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de, jako je efektivita p\u0159enosu energie a frekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pat\u0159\u00ed keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly na b\u00e1zi olovnat\u00e9ho zirkoni\u010dnano-titanatu (PZT), kter\u00e9 se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed vysok\u00fdm piezoelektrick\u00fdm koeficientem. V\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch parametrech m\u011bni\u010de, jako je frekvence, v\u00fdkon a pracovn\u00ed teplota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\nPiezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient (pC\/N)<\/th>\nCurieova teplota (\u00b0C)<\/th>\nMechanick\u00e1 impedance (M\u03a9\u00b7m)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
PZT-5A<\/td>\n370<\/td>\n328<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PZT-4<\/td>\n280<\/td>\n320<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PMN-PT (n\u011bkter\u00e9 typy)<\/td>\n> 1000<\/td>\n> 200<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

P\u0159\u00edprava piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku<\/h3>\n

Po v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1lu je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho tvaru a rozm\u011br\u016f. To se obvykle prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00edm, brou\u0161en\u00edm a le\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm keramick\u00e9ho bloku. Preciznost t\u011bchto krok\u016f je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed m\u011bni\u010de. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k defekt\u016fm, kter\u00e9 ovlivn\u00ed funk\u010dnost a \u017eivotnost m\u011bni\u010de. Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt i polarizace piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku, kter\u00e1 se prov\u00e1d\u00ed aplikac\u00ed vysok\u00e9ho elektrick\u00e9ho pole.<\/p>\n

Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed akustick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/h3>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed akustick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd zahrnuje i dal\u0161\u00ed komponenty, jako je akustick\u00fd adapt\u00e9r a tlumi\u010d. Akustick\u00fd adapt\u00e9r se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k optimalizaci p\u0159enosu akustick\u00e9 energie mezi piezoelektrick\u00fdm prvkem a m\u00e9diem, do kter\u00e9ho se ultrazvuk \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. Jeho impedance by m\u011bla b\u00fdt co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee impedanci m\u00e9dia a piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku, aby se minimalizovaly odrazy. Tlumi\u010d slou\u017e\u00ed k potla\u010den\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch vibrac\u00ed a rezonanc\u00ed. Design akustick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu se optimalizuje pomoc\u00ed simula\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f a experiment\u00e1ln\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zkompletov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de<\/h3>\n

Po p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b v\u0161ech komponent je nutn\u00e9 zkompletovat ultrazvukov\u00fd m\u011bni\u010de. Piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek se spoj\u00ed s akustick\u00fdm adapt\u00e9rem a tlumi\u010dem pomoc\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho lepidla s n\u00edzkou viskozitou a akustickou impedanc\u00ed co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee impedanci ostatn\u00edch komponent. Kompletn\u00ed m\u011bni\u010d se n\u00e1sledn\u011b zapouzd\u0159\u00ed do ochrann\u00e9ho pouzdra, kter\u00e9 jej chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed mechanick\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm a vlhkem.<\/p>\n

Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a kalibrace<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdsledn\u00fd ultrazvukov\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d je nutn\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u011b otestovat a zkalibrovat. T\u00edm se ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed jeho funk\u010dnost a parametry, jako je frekvence, v\u00fdkon, sm\u011brovost a efektivita p\u0159enosu energie. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed akustick\u00e9ho tlaku, frekven\u010dn\u00ed odezvy a dal\u0161\u00edch relevantn\u00edch parametr\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby se provedou \u00fapravy designu a v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem, v\u00fdroba ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed vysokou p\u0159esnost a znalosti v oblasti materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch v\u011bd a akustiky. P\u0159esn\u00e9 dodr\u017een\u00ed v\u0161ech krok\u016f je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch parametr\u016f a funk\u010dnosti ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de. Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu, precizn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a optimalizace akustick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou v\u00fdrobu vysoce kvalitn\u00edho m\u011bni\u010de.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ultrazvukov\u00e9 m\u011bni\u010de nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 automatizace a\u017e po automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl a spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektroniku. Jejich v\u00fdroba je komplexn\u00ed proces vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed precizn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a hlubok\u00e9 znalosti fyziky a materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch v\u011bd. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed popis procesu v\u00fdroby ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de. V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je piezoelektrick\u00fd<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19409,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59157"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59157\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}