{"id":59167,"date":"2023-04-22T00:10:56","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-ultrasonic-sound-generator\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:11:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:11:31","slug":"how-to-make-ultrasonic-sound-generator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-ultrasonic-sound-generator\/","title":{"rendered":"Gener\u00e1tor ultrazvuku: N\u00e1vod krok za krokem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le aplikac\u00ed, od pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e po l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed.  V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru, i kdy\u017e s omezen\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi oproti profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, p\u0159edstavuje zaj\u00edmav\u00fd technick\u00fd projekt.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek popisuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy a kroky k jeho vytvo\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy ultrazvuku<\/h3>\n<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny jsou zvukov\u00e9 vlny s frekvenc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz, tedy nad hranic\u00ed sly\u0161itelnosti lidsk\u00e9ho ucha.  Generov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto vln vy\u017eaduje pou\u017eit\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku, materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd m\u011bn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed na elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed a naopak.  P\u0159i aplikaci st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed na piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek se tento prvek vibruje s frekvenc\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed frekvenci nap\u011bt\u00ed.  Pokud je frekvence dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e1, generuje se ultrazvuk.<\/p>\n<h3>Komponenty pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro stavbu gener\u00e1toru<\/h3>\n<p>Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru budete pot\u0159ebovat n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed komponenty:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Komponenty<\/th>\n<th>Popis<\/th>\n<th>Dodavatel (P\u0159\u00edklad)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek<\/td>\n<td>Keramick\u00fd disk nebo jin\u00fd materi\u00e1l s piezoelektrick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi.<\/td>\n<td>eBay, AliExpress<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gener\u00e1tor sign\u00e1lu<\/td>\n<td>Obvod produkuj\u00edc\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed o po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci (20 kHz a v\u00fd\u0161e).<\/td>\n<td>Elektronick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zesilova\u010d<\/td>\n<td>Zes\u00edlen\u00ed sign\u00e1lu z gener\u00e1toru pro dosa\u017een\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 amplitudy vibrac\u00ed.<\/td>\n<td>Elektronick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroj<\/td>\n<td>Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed cel\u00e9ho obvodu.<\/td>\n<td>Elektronick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Uzemn\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro stabiln\u00ed provoz a ochranu p\u0159ed \u0161umem.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>N\u00e1vrh obvodu a zapojen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Gener\u00e1tor sign\u00e1lu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1n pomoc\u00ed integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad 555 timer, konfigurovan\u00fd pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fdch puls\u016f.  Frekvenci lze upravit pomoc\u00ed extern\u00edch odpor\u016f a kondenz\u00e1tor\u016f. Zesilova\u010d je nezbytn\u00fd pro zes\u00edlen\u00ed slab\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu z gener\u00e1toru sign\u00e1lu na dostate\u010dnou \u00farove\u0148 pro pohon piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 db\u00e1t na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zapojen\u00ed v\u0161ech komponent a dodr\u017eet bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ohledn\u011b vysok\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Kalibrace a testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Po sestaven\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it funk\u010dnost gener\u00e1toru.  M\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt ultrazvukov\u00fd detektor k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku, nebo indik\u00e1tor vibrac\u00ed na piezoelektrick\u00e9m prvku.  Frekvence se d\u00e1 kalibrovat \u00fapravou hodnot odpor\u016f a kondenz\u00e1tor\u016f v gener\u00e1toru sign\u00e1lu.  V\u00fdstupn\u00ed v\u00fdkon lze \u0159\u00eddit \u00fapravou zes\u00edlen\u00ed zesilova\u010de.<\/p>\n<h3>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Ultrazvuk vysok\u00e9 intenzity m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161kodliv\u00fd pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed.  P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s gener\u00e1torem je nutn\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je pou\u017eit\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch pom\u016fcek pro u\u0161i a omezen\u00ed expozice ultrazvuku.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 znalosti elektroniky a pr\u00e1ce s elektronikou.  I s jednoduch\u00fdm n\u00e1vrhem lze dos\u00e1hnout funk\u010dn\u00edho gener\u00e1toru, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 experimenty a aplikace.  Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed a postupovat opatrn\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le aplikac\u00ed, od pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e po l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru, i kdy\u017e s omezen\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi oproti profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, p\u0159edstavuje zaj\u00edmav\u00fd technick\u00fd projekt. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek popisuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy a kroky k jeho vytvo\u0159en\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy ultrazvuku Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny jsou zvukov\u00e9 vlny s frekvenc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59167"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59167\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}