{"id":59257,"date":"2023-04-22T00:02:04","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:02:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-disc\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:11:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:11:18","slug":"how-to-make-piezoelectric-disc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-disc\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdroba piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 disky jsou fascinuj\u00edc\u00edmi komponenty, kter\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed mechanickou energii na energii elektrickou a naopak.  Tento proces, zvan\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd jev, nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od zapalova\u010d\u016f a\u017e po vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.  V\u00fdroba t\u011bchto disk\u016f v\u0161ak nen\u00ed trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed a vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00e9 znalosti a vybaven\u00ed.  N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed text se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na proces v\u00fdroby piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed surovinou pro v\u00fdrobu piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f jsou piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.  Nej\u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad titan\u00e1t barnat\u00fd (BaTiO\u2083) nebo zirkon\u00e1t olovnat\u00fd titan\u00e1t (PZT).  V\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch vlastnostech hotov\u00e9ho disku, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad citlivost, mechanick\u00e1 pevnost a pracovn\u00ed frekvence.  Kvalita suroviny m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na kone\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti disku.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\n<th>Chemick\u00fd vzorec<\/th>\n<th>Dielektrick\u00e1 konstanta<\/th>\n<th>Piezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient (pC\/N)<\/th>\n<th>Mechanick\u00e1 pevnost (MPa)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Titan\u00e1t barnat\u00fd<\/td>\n<td>BaTiO\u2083<\/td>\n<td>1000-10000<\/td>\n<td>100-200<\/td>\n<td>50-100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PZT<\/td>\n<td>Pb(Zr\u2093Ti\u2081\u208b\u2093)O\u2083<\/td>\n<td>1000-3000<\/td>\n<td>100-800<\/td>\n<td>100-200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edprava pr\u00e1\u0161ku<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed samotnou v\u00fdrobou disk\u016f je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit jemn\u00fd a homogenn\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161ek piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.  Toho se dosahuje r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metodami, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad mlet\u00ed ve vysokorychlostn\u00edch ml\u00fdnech.  Velikost zrn pr\u00e1\u0161ku je kritick\u00fdm faktorem ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm kone\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti disku.  P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9 zrno m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9 citlivosti a mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Lisov\u00e1n\u00ed a sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ipraven\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek se lisuje do po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho tvaru a velikosti pomoc\u00ed vysokotlak\u00fdch lis\u016f.  T\u00edm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed zelen\u00fd kompakt, kter\u00fd je n\u00e1sledn\u011b sp\u00e9k\u00e1n p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch (obvykle nad 1000 \u00b0C).  Spek\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 v \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, aby se dos\u00e1hlo optim\u00e1ln\u00ed hustoty a mikrostruktury materi\u00e1lu.  Teplota a doba sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed jsou kritick\u00e9 parametry, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti disku.<\/p>\n<p>Polarizace<\/p>\n<p>Po sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00fd disk polarizovat.  To se prov\u00e1d\u00ed aplikac\u00ed siln\u00e9ho elektrick\u00e9ho pole p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b.  Polarizace orientuje dip\u00f3ly v materi\u00e1lu a t\u00edm se aktivuje piezoelektrick\u00fd jev.  Polarizace je nezbytn\u00fdm krokem pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho disku.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrodov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/p>\n<p>Na ob\u011b strany polarizovan\u00e9ho disku se nan\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vodiv\u00e9 elektrody.  Elektrody umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed disku k obvod\u016fm a generov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo detekci elektrick\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu.  Materi\u00e1l elektrod mus\u00ed b\u00fdt kompatibiln\u00ed s piezoelektrick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem a mus\u00ed odol\u00e1vat vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m b\u011bhem procesu polarizace.  \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 nebo zlat\u00e9 elektrody.<\/p>\n<p>Kontrola a testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Po dokon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdroby je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st d\u016fkladnou kontrolu a testov\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00e9ho disku.  To zahrnuje m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00fdch koeficient\u016f, dielektrick\u00e9 konstanty, mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti a dal\u0161\u00edch relevantn\u00edch parametr\u016f.  Kvalita kontroly a testov\u00e1n\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spolehlivosti a funk\u010dnosti piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u00fdroba piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f je komplexn\u00ed proces vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed precizn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed parametr\u016f v ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi.  Pou\u017eit\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00edch surovin a p\u0159esn\u00e9 technologie je kl\u00ed\u010dem k v\u00fdrob\u011b disk\u016f s optim\u00e1ln\u00edmi vlastnostmi, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1roky modern\u00edch aplikac\u00ed.  Pochopen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch krok\u016f je nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou v\u00fdrobu t\u011bchto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch komponent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 disky jsou fascinuj\u00edc\u00edmi komponenty, kter\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed mechanickou energii na energii elektrickou a naopak. Tento proces, zvan\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd jev, nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od zapalova\u010d\u016f a\u017e po vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V\u00fdroba t\u011bchto disk\u016f v\u0161ak nen\u00ed trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed a vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00e9 znalosti a vybaven\u00ed. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed text se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na proces v\u00fdroby piezoelektrick\u00fdch disk\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59257"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59257\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}