{"id":59522,"date":"2023-04-21T23:38:48","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T04:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-homemade-piezoelectric-transducer\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:10:36","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:10:36","slug":"how-to-make-homemade-piezoelectric-transducer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-homemade-piezoelectric-transducer\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdroba piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de doma: n\u00e1vod"},"content":{"rendered":"

Piezoelektrick\u00e9 m\u011bni\u010de nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od ultrazvukov\u00e9 diagnostiky a\u017e po zapalov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de doma m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 pou\u010dn\u00fdm projektem. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek poskytuje detailn\u00ed n\u00e1vod na jeho konstrukci, s d\u016frazem na dostupnost materi\u00e1l\u016f a jednoduchost postupu. M\u011bjte v\u0161ak na pam\u011bti, \u017ee dosa\u017een\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed kvality a v\u00fdkonu je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je piezoelektrick\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdrobu je keramika, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b titan\u00e1t barnat\u00fd (BaTiO\u2083) nebo zirkon\u00e1t olovnat\u00fd titan\u00e1t (PZT). Tyto materi\u00e1ly vykazuj\u00ed siln\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd efekt. Je v\u0161ak pot\u0159eba zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9ho a kvalitn\u00edho PZT materi\u00e1lu pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Alternativou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00fdch f\u00f3li\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale jejich v\u00fdkon je obecn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\nPiezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient (pC\/N)<\/th>\nDostupnost<\/th>\nSlo\u017eitost zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Titan\u00e1t barnat\u00fd (BaTiO\u2083)<\/td>\nRelativn\u011b vysok\u00fd<\/td>\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed<\/td>\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zirkon\u00e1t olovnat\u00fd titan\u00e1t (PZT)<\/td>\nVelmi vysok\u00fd<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00e1<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Piezoelektrick\u00e9 f\u00f3lie<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00fd a\u017e st\u0159edn\u00ed<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

P\u0159\u00edprava elektrod<\/p>\n

Po v\u00fdb\u011bru piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu je nutn\u00e9 na jeho povrch nan\u00e9st elektrody. To se nej\u010dast\u011bji prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed vodiv\u00e9 pasty na b\u00e1zi st\u0159\u00edbra. Pasta se nanese na ob\u011b plochy materi\u00e1lu a nech\u00e1 se d\u016fkladn\u011b zaschnout. Po zaschnut\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 zajistit dobrou elektrickou vodivost, co\u017e lze ov\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed multimetru. Alternativn\u011b lze pou\u017e\u00edt tenk\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 f\u00f3lie, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u011b\u010f nebo hlin\u00edk, kter\u00e9 se na materi\u00e1l p\u0159ilep\u00ed vodiv\u00fdm lepidlem. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby elektrody byly tenk\u00e9 a rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozlo\u017een\u00e9 po cel\u00e9m povrchu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, aby se minimalizovaly ztr\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n

Konstrukce pouzdra<\/p>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00fd element je nutn\u00e9 chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed mechanick\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi vlivy. Pouzdro by m\u011blo b\u00fdt vyrobeno z pevn\u00e9ho, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 lehk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, jako je plast nebo d\u0159evo. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby pouzdro zaji\u0161\u0165ovalo pevn\u00e9 uchycen\u00ed elektrod a piezoelektrick\u00e9ho elementu. V pouzd\u0159e je d\u00e1le nutn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it prostor pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed vodi\u010d\u016f. Konstrukce pouzdra z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de.<\/p>\n

Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a kalibrace<\/p>\n

Po sestaven\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 otestovat funk\u010dnost vyroben\u00e9ho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed gener\u00e1toru sign\u00e1lu a osciloskopu. Gener\u00e1tor sign\u00e1lu dod\u00e1 do m\u011bni\u010de elektrick\u00fd sign\u00e1l, a osciloskop zobraz\u00ed generovan\u00fd mechanick\u00fd sign\u00e1l. V\u00fdstupn\u00ed sign\u00e1l bude z\u00e1visl\u00fd na vlastnostech pou\u017eit\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a konstrukci m\u011bni\u010de. Kalibrace spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v ur\u010den\u00ed vztahu mezi elektrick\u00fdm a mechanick\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba dom\u00e1c\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 znalosti a dovednosti. V\u00fdsledn\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d nemus\u00ed dosahovat parametr\u016f komer\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159edstavuje cennou zku\u0161enost v oblasti piezoelekt\u0159iny a umo\u017e\u0148uje experimenty s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly a konstruk\u010dn\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi. Kvalita vyroben\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pe\u010dlivosti p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1l\u016f, p\u0159esnosti zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a dodr\u017een\u00ed v\u0161ech krok\u016f uveden\u00fdch v tomto n\u00e1vodu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Piezoelektrick\u00e9 m\u011bni\u010de nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, od ultrazvukov\u00e9 diagnostiky a\u017e po zapalov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho m\u011bni\u010de doma m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 pou\u010dn\u00fdm projektem. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek poskytuje detailn\u00ed n\u00e1vod na jeho konstrukci, s d\u016frazem na dostupnost materi\u00e1l\u016f a jednoduchost postupu. M\u011bjte v\u0161ak na pam\u011bti, \u017ee dosa\u017een\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed kvality a v\u00fdkonu je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. V\u00fdb\u011br<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19407,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59522"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59522\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}