{"id":60114,"date":"2023-04-21T22:42:51","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T03:42:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-a-high-frequency-generator\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:08:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:08:57","slug":"how-to-make-a-high-frequency-generator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-make-a-high-frequency-generator\/","title":{"rendered":"Gener\u00e1tor vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed: Podrobn\u00fd n\u00e1vod"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gener\u00e1tor vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 produkuje elektrick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly s frekvenc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz. Jeho konstrukce a princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci a v\u00fdkonu. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch metod a postup\u016f pro konstrukci takov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kmito\u010dtov\u00e9 oscil\u00e1tory s tranzistory<\/h3>\n

Jednou z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch metod pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed tranzistorov\u00fdch kmito\u010dtov\u00fdch oscil\u00e1tor\u016f. Tyto obvody vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kladnou zp\u011btnou vazbu k udr\u017een\u00ed oscilac\u00ed. Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed varianta je Hartley\u016fv oscil\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dv\u011b c\u00edvky a kondenz\u00e1tor pro ur\u010den\u00ed rezonan\u010dn\u00ed frekvence. Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch frekvenc\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt tranzistory s vysokou mezn\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed a miniaturizovan\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky s n\u00edzkou parazitn\u00ed kapacitou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Typ Oscil\u00e1toru<\/th>\nFrekven\u010dn\u00ed Rozsah<\/th>\nV\u00fdhody<\/th>\nNev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Hartley\u016fv<\/td>\nKiloherz a\u017e Megahertz<\/td>\nJednoduch\u00e1 konstrukce, n\u00edzk\u00e1 cena<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00e1 stabilita frekvence, citlivost na parametry sou\u010d\u00e1stek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Colpitts\u016fv<\/td>\nKiloherz a\u017e Megahertz<\/td>\nDobr\u00e1 stabilita frekvence, snadn\u00e1 regulace<\/td>\nSlo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konstrukce ne\u017e Hartley\u016fv<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pierce\u016fv<\/td>\nMegahertz a\u017e Gigahertz<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1 stabilita frekvence, vhodn\u00fd pro krystalov\u00e9 oscil\u00e1tory<\/td>\nVy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena sou\u010d\u00e1stek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Gener\u00e1tory s opera\u010dn\u00edmi zesilova\u010di<\/h3>\n

Opera\u010dn\u00ed zesilova\u010de (OP-Z) umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed konstrukci gener\u00e1tor\u016f vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed s dobrou stabilitou a p\u0159esnost\u00ed. Mnoho typ\u016f oscil\u00e1tor\u016f, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Wien\u016fv m\u016fstkov\u00fd oscil\u00e1tor, lze snadno realizovat s OP-Zy. Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch frekvenc\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvolit OP-Z s vysokou propustnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Krystalov\u00e9 oscil\u00e1tory<\/h3>\n

Pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed velmi stabiln\u00edch vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed krystalov\u00e9 oscil\u00e1tory. Krystal k\u0159emene m\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b definovanou rezonan\u010dn\u00ed frekvenci, kter\u00e1 je velmi stabiln\u00ed v\u016f\u010di teplotn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Frekvence generovan\u00e1 krystalov\u00fdm oscil\u00e1torem je p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na vlastnostech pou\u017eit\u00e9ho krystalu.<\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1tory s PLL (Phase-Locked Loop)<\/h3>\n

Pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed s vysokou p\u0159esnost\u00ed a mo\u017enost\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed regulace se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed syst\u00e9my s f\u00e1zov\u011b \u0159\u00edzenou smy\u010dkou (PLL). PLL srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 frekvenci generovan\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu s referen\u010dn\u00edm sign\u00e1lem a upravuje frekvenci gener\u00e1toru tak, aby se ob\u011b frekvence shodovaly. To umo\u017e\u0148uje generov\u00e1n\u00ed velmi stabiln\u00edch a p\u0159esn\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory<\/h3>\n

Gener\u00e1tory pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v ultrazvukov\u00e9m p\u00e1smu (nad 20 kHz) maj\u00ed specifick\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v ultrazvukov\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro tyto aplikace se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9 p\u0159evodn\u00edky, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed elektrickou energii na mechanick\u00e9 vibrace a naopak. N\u00e1vrh takov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f vy\u017eaduje hlub\u0161\u00ed znalosti akustick\u00fdch jev\u016f. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na pro vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 ultrazvukov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory, se m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt technologie od spole\u010dnosti Beijing Ultrasonic, ale to nen\u00ed nutnou podm\u00ednkou pro v\u0161echny typy.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee konstrukce gener\u00e1toru vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch parametrech, jako je frekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah, stabilita, v\u00fdkon a p\u0159esnost. V\u00fdb\u011br vhodn\u00e9 metody a komponent je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou konstrukci takov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pochopen\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch princip\u016f oscil\u00e1tor\u016f a jejich charakteristik je nezbytn\u00e9 pro n\u00e1vrh funk\u010dn\u00edho a spolehliv\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gener\u00e1tor vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 produkuje elektrick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly s frekvenc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20 kHz. Jeho konstrukce a princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci a v\u00fdkonu. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch metod a postup\u016f pro konstrukci takov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f. Kmito\u010dtov\u00e9 oscil\u00e1tory s tranzistory Jednou z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch metod pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00fdch frekvenc\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60114"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60114\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}