{"id":60440,"date":"2023-04-21T15:54:09","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T20:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-create-ultrasonic-waves\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:08:02","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:08:02","slug":"how-to-create-ultrasonic-waves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-to-create-ultrasonic-waves\/","title":{"rendered":"Generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny, neviditeln\u00e9 vibrace s frekvenc\u00ed nad 20 kHz, nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, od medic\u00edny po pr\u016fmysl. Jejich generov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd proces a z\u00e1vis\u00ed na principu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu nebo magnetostrikce. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed popis metod v\u00fdroby ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln.<\/p>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev a generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku<\/p>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev je z\u00e1kladem v\u011bt\u0161iny ultrazvukov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f. Spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v schopnosti n\u011bkter\u00fdch krystalick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je k\u0159emen nebo keramika (nap\u0159. PZT – olovo-zirkon\u00e1t-titani\u010ditanov\u00fd), generovat elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i mechanick\u00e9m nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a naopak, mechanicky se deformovat p\u0159i p\u016fsoben\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho pole. P\u0159i aplikaci st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho elektrick\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed vysok\u00e9 frekvence se piezoelektrick\u00fd krystal periodicky rozp\u00edn\u00e1 a smr\u0161\u0165uje, \u010d\u00edm\u017e generuje ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny. Frekvence generovan\u00fdch vln je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 frekvenci aplikovan\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Kvalita a intenzita ultrazvuku z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vlastnostech pou\u017eit\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, jeho geometrii a p\u0159esnosti \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed elektroniky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\nV\u00fdhody<\/th>\nNev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
K\u0159emen<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1 stabilita frekvence, odolnost<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00e1 piezoelektrick\u00e1 konstanta, k\u0159ehkost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PZT keramika<\/td>\nVysok\u00e1 piezoelektrick\u00e1 konstanta<\/td>\nNi\u017e\u0161\u00ed stabilita frekvence, m\u00e9n\u011b odoln\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed metoda generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku<\/p>\n

Alternativn\u00ed metodou je magnetostrikce, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zm\u011bny rozm\u011br\u016f feromagnetick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f v z\u00e1vislosti na magnetick\u00e9m poli. P\u0159i aplikaci st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho pole se magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l periodicky rozp\u00edn\u00e1 a smr\u0161\u0165uje, \u010d\u00edm\u017e generuje ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny. Tato metoda se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdkon\u016f. Materi\u00e1ly pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed gener\u00e1tory ultrazvuku zahrnuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad nikl a jeho slitiny.<\/p>\n

Konstrukce ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konstrukce ultrazvukov\u00e9ho gener\u00e1toru zahrnuje:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Zdrojem vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong> Obvody generuj\u00edc\u00ed stabiln\u00ed sinusov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly o po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvenci.<\/li>\n
  • Piezoelektrick\u00fd nebo magnetostrik\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159evodn\u00edk:<\/strong> P\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed elektrickou energii na mechanickou energii ve form\u011b ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln.<\/li>\n
  • P\u0159enosov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium:<\/strong> Pro \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln (vzduch, voda, pevn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky).<\/li>\n
  • Soust\u0159e\u010fovac\u00ed prvky (voliteln\u011b):<\/strong> Pro fokusaci ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln do specifick\u00e9ho bodu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Aplikace ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln<\/p>\n

    Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech, nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Medic\u00edna:<\/strong> Ultrasonografie, ultrazvukov\u00e1 terapie, \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f.<\/li>\n
    • Pr\u016fmysl:<\/strong> \u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, defektoskopie.<\/li>\n
    • Biologie:<\/strong> Sonikace, bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 manipulace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/p>\n

      Generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln je zalo\u017eeno na principu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu nebo magnetostrikce. V\u00fdb\u011br metody a materi\u00e1lu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch parametrech ultrazvuku, jako je frekvence, intenzita a aplikace. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm unik\u00e1tn\u00edm vlastnostem nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny st\u00e1le \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny, neviditeln\u00e9 vibrace s frekvenc\u00ed nad 20 kHz, nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha oblastech lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, od medic\u00edny po pr\u016fmysl. Jejich generov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd proces a z\u00e1vis\u00ed na principu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu nebo magnetostrikce. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed popis metod v\u00fdroby ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln. Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev a generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku Piezoelektrick\u00fd jev je z\u00e1kladem v\u011bt\u0161iny<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60440"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60440\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}