{"id":60906,"date":"2023-04-21T14:59:35","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T19:59:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-much-electricity-does-a-piezoelectric-crystal-produce\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:06:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:06:44","slug":"how-much-electricity-does-a-piezoelectric-crystal-produce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-much-electricity-does-a-piezoelectric-crystal-produce\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdkon piezoelektrick\u00fdch krystal\u016f: kolik elekt\u0159iny?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezokrystal je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed materi\u00e1l s unik\u00e1tn\u00ed schopnost\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bt mechanickou energii na elektrickou a naopak.  Mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny, kter\u00e9 piezokrystal vyprodukuje, je v\u0161ak velice z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na \u0159ad\u011b faktor\u016f a nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 uv\u00e9st jedin\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Tato odpov\u011b\u010f se proto zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozbor vlivn\u00fdch parametr\u016f a zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak maximalizovat produkci energie.<\/p>\n<h3>Vliv materi\u00e1lu<\/h3>\n<p>Typ piezokrystalu z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed generovan\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny.  R\u016fzn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je k\u0159emen, keramika (nap\u0159. PZT \u2013 zirkon\u00e1t olovnato-titani\u010dit\u00fd) a dal\u0161\u00ed kompozity, vykazuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 koeficienty.  Tento koeficient ud\u00e1v\u00e1, jak efektivn\u011b je mechanick\u00e1 deformace p\u0159em\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1na na elektrick\u00fd n\u00e1boj.  Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je PZT, vykazuj\u00ed mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient ne\u017e k\u0159emen, a tedy generuj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 deformaci.<\/p>\n<h3>Velikost a tvar krystalu<\/h3>\n<p>Geometrie krystalu hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli.  V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed krystal s vhodn\u011b navr\u017een\u00fdm tvarem (nap\u0159\u00edklad tenk\u00e1 desti\u010dka) umo\u017en\u00ed generovat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1boj.  Tvar je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro optimalizaci rozlo\u017een\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a efektivitu p\u0159enosu energie.  Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00fdch nap\u011bt\u00ed se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tenk\u00e9, prodlou\u017een\u00e9 krystaly.<\/p>\n<h3>Aplikovan\u00e1 s\u00edla<\/h3>\n<p>Mno\u017estv\u00ed generovan\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 velikosti aplikovan\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 s\u00edly.  Siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tlak nebo deformace vede k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu elektrick\u00e9mu n\u00e1boji.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee existuje mezn\u00ed bod, kdy dal\u0161\u00ed zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edly nevede k proporcion\u00e1ln\u00edmu n\u00e1r\u016fstu energie, a m\u016f\u017ee dokonce po\u0161kodit krystal.<\/p>\n<h3>Frekvence a vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed piezokrystalu v aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou ultrazvukov\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 frekvence a vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka mechanick\u00fdch vibrac\u00ed.  Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed frekvence z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vlastnostech krystalu a jeho geometrii.  Spr\u00e1vn\u011b zvolen\u00e1 frekvence maximalizuje rezonanci a t\u00edm i mno\u017estv\u00ed generovan\u00e9 energie.  V tomto kontextu hraje roli i impedance piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt slad\u011bna s impedanc\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee.<\/p>\n<h3>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/h3>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Materi\u00e1l<\/th>\n<th>Piezoelektrick\u00fd koeficient (pC\/N)<\/th>\n<th>Typick\u00e1 aplikace<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>K\u0159emen<\/td>\n<td>2-3<\/td>\n<td>Hodiny, senzory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PZT keramika<\/td>\n<td>100-500<\/td>\n<td>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de, aktu\u00e1tory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Barium titan\u00e1t<\/td>\n<td>100-200<\/td>\n<td>Kondenz\u00e1tory, aktu\u00e1tory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee uveden\u00e9 hodnoty jsou pouze orienta\u010dn\u00ed a mohou se li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na specifick\u00fdch vlastnostech materi\u00e1lu a v\u00fdrobn\u00edm procesu.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny generovan\u00e9 piezokrystalem je komplexn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou z\u00e1vislou na \u0159ad\u011b faktor\u016f.  Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu, optimalizace tvaru a velikosti krystalu a spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 aplikace mechanick\u00e9 s\u00edly jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro maximalizaci produkce energie.  P\u0159esn\u00e9 kvantifikace je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, jeliko\u017e v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 energie se zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na t\u011bchto parametrech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezokrystal je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed materi\u00e1l s unik\u00e1tn\u00ed schopnost\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bt mechanickou energii na elektrickou a naopak. Mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny, kter\u00e9 piezokrystal vyprodukuje, je v\u0161ak velice z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na \u0159ad\u011b faktor\u016f a nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 uv\u00e9st jedin\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Tato odpov\u011b\u010f se proto zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozbor vlivn\u00fdch parametr\u016f a zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak maximalizovat produkci energie. Vliv materi\u00e1lu Typ piezokrystalu z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60906"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60906\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}