{"id":60921,"date":"2023-04-21T14:57:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T19:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-many-volts-does-a-piezo-produce\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:06:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:06:42","slug":"how-many-volts-does-a-piezo-produce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/how-many-volts-does-a-piezo-produce\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolik Volt\u016f Vyrob\u00ed Piezoelektrick\u00fd Krystal?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Piezoelektrick\u00e9 prvky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako piezoelektrick\u00e9 krystaly nebo senzory, jsou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 generuj\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed v reakci na mechanick\u00fd tlak nebo deformaci. Mno\u017estv\u00ed generovan\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed se v\u0161ak zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na n\u011bkolika faktorech, a proto nelze jednodu\u0161e odpov\u011bd\u011bt na ot\u00e1zku "kolik volt\u016f piezo produkuje?". Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se pokus\u00ed objasnit tuto variabilitu a poskytnout hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Velikost a tvar piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku<\/p>\n

Velikost a tvar piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed generovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prvky s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plochou generuj\u00ed obecn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni mechanick\u00e9ho stresu. Tvar prvku tak\u00e9 hraje roli, jeliko\u017e ovliv\u0148uje rozlo\u017een\u00ed stresu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i generovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. Del\u0161\u00ed a ten\u010d\u00ed prvky mohou generovat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e krat\u0161\u00ed a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prvky.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00fd materi\u00e1l<\/p>\n

R\u016fzn\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly vykazuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad k\u0159emen (k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd p\u00edsek) generuje men\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 syntetick\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 keramiky, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad titan\u00e1t barnat\u00fd (BaTiO\u2083) nebo zirkon\u00e1t olovnat\u00fd titan\u00e1t (PZT). V\u00fdb\u011br materi\u00e1lu je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro aplikaci a po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdstupn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00darove\u0148 mechanick\u00e9ho stresu<\/p>\n

Intenzita mechanick\u00e9ho stresu aplikovan\u00e9ho na piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje generovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tlak nebo deformace vedou k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu nap\u011bt\u00ed. Tato z\u00e1vislost je obecn\u011b line\u00e1rn\u00ed v ur\u010dit\u00e9m rozsahu, ale p\u0159i p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed mezn\u00ed hodnoty m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k po\u0161kozen\u00ed prvku.<\/p>\n

Frekvence a vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka<\/p>\n

V aplikac\u00edch, kde se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 piezoelektrick\u00fd efekt k generaci ultrazvuku, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli frekvence a vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka. Nap\u011bt\u00ed generovan\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00fdm prvkem se m\u011bn\u00ed s frekvenc\u00ed. Pro optimalizaci v\u00fdkonu ultrazvukov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 zvolit vhodnou frekvenci a odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed design piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku. P\u0159\u00edklad frekven\u010dn\u00edch charakteristik r\u016fzn\u00fdch piezoelektrick\u00fdch prvk\u016f od r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f (i kdy\u017e bez zm\u00ednky o konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zna\u010dce) je uveden v tabulce n\u00ed\u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Frekvence (kHz)<\/th>\nNap\u011bt\u00ed (V) – Prvek A<\/th>\nNap\u011bt\u00ed (V) – Prvek B<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
20<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n2.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n3.0<\/td>\n4.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n4.5<\/td>\n6.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n6.0<\/td>\n8.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Teplota<\/p>\n

Teplota m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit piezoelektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti materi\u00e1lu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i generovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f vykazuje zm\u011bnu sv\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed s teplotou, a proto je nutn\u00e9 br\u00e1t v \u00favahu teplotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu a aplikaci.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem, nelze jednozna\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit, kolik volt\u016f piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek produkuje. Generovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed je z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na mnoha faktorech, v\u010detn\u011b velikosti a tvaru prvku, pou\u017eit\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, \u00farovn\u011b mechanick\u00e9ho stresu, frekvence a teploty. Precizn\u00ed ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed vy\u017eaduje detailn\u00ed znalost t\u011bchto parametr\u016f a specifick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00e9ho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Piezoelektrick\u00e9 prvky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako piezoelektrick\u00e9 krystaly nebo senzory, jsou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 generuj\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed v reakci na mechanick\u00fd tlak nebo deformaci. Mno\u017estv\u00ed generovan\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed se v\u0161ak zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na n\u011bkolika faktorech, a proto nelze jednodu\u0161e odpov\u011bd\u011bt na ot\u00e1zku "kolik volt\u016f piezo produkuje?". Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se pokus\u00ed objasnit tuto variabilitu a poskytnout hlub\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23776,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60921"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60921\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}