{"id":61631,"date":"2023-04-21T13:55:16","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:55:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-ultrasound-transducer\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:04:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:04:44","slug":"diy-ultrasound-transducer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/diy-ultrasound-transducer\/","title":{"rendered":"DIY ultrazvukov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d: Konstrukce a pou\u017eit\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>DIY ultrazvukov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d: Pr\u016fvodce pro kutily<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt jako n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol, ale s pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a pe\u010dlivost\u00ed je to dosa\u017eiteln\u00e9 i pro zku\u0161en\u00e9 kutily.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek poskytuje detailn\u00ed n\u00e1vod, jak postupovat p\u0159i konstrukci jednoduch\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee v\u00fdsledn\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d nebude m\u00edt kvalitu profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale bude vhodn\u00fd pro experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed demonstrace ultrazvukov\u00e9 technologie.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00fdch element\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Srdcem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je piezoelektrick\u00fd element, kter\u00fd p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed elektrickou energii na mechanick\u00e9 vibrace (a naopak). Pro DIY projekt je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt \u0161iroce dostupn\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 disky.  Jejich frekvence rezonance by m\u011bla b\u00fdt v rozsahu po\u017eadovan\u00e9 frekvence ultrazvuku.  Kvalita obrazu a hloubka penetrace z\u00e1vis\u00ed na frekvenci a velikosti disku.  Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed frekvence umo\u017en\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed penetraci, zat\u00edmco vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed frekvence poskytnou detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obraz.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Frekvence (MHz)<\/th>\n<th>Velikost disku (mm)<\/th>\n<th>Hloubka penetrace (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b)<\/th>\n<th>Detail obrazu<\/th>\n<th>Aplikace<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>2,5<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>10-20 cm<\/td>\n<td>St\u0159edn\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed demonstrace, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>5-10 cm<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00fd<\/td>\n<td>Detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>2-5 cm<\/td>\n<td>Velmi vysok\u00fd<\/td>\n<td>Mikroskopie, velmi detailn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Konstrukce sn\u00edma\u010de<\/h3>\n<p>Po v\u00fdb\u011bru piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku je nutn\u00e9 ho spr\u00e1vn\u011b uchytit. Pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159enos ultrazvukov\u00fdch vln je nezbytn\u00e9 zajistit akustick\u00fd kontakt mezi prvkem a m\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem.  To se obvykle prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed akustick\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky, kter\u00e1 je vyrobena z materi\u00e1lu s vysokou akustickou impedanc\u00ed.  \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 materi\u00e1l jako je epoxidov\u00e1 prysky\u0159ice. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 db\u00e1t na pe\u010dliv\u00e9 odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed, aby se v epoxidu netvo\u0159ily bubliny, kter\u00e9 by ru\u0161ily p\u0159enos zvuku.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektronika a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1lu<\/h3>\n<p>Piezoelektrick\u00fd element je p\u0159ipojen k elektronick\u00e9mu obvodu, kter\u00fd generuje a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 ultrazvukov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly.  Bude pot\u0159eba gener\u00e1tor sign\u00e1lu (pro vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00fdch puls\u016f) a zesilova\u010d pro zes\u00edlen\u00ed slab\u00e9ho p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu.  Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1lu m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161umu a digitalizaci sign\u00e1lu pro zobrazen\u00ed na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di.  Pro zobrazen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt software, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee zpracovat a zobrazit data z ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de.  Toto zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed je obvykle n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a vy\u017eaduje hlub\u0161\u00ed znalosti sign\u00e1lov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s ultrazvukem je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.  Intenzivn\u00ed ultrazvuk m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161kodliv\u00fd pro lidsk\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pracovat s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi \u00farovn\u011bmi energie a pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, pokud je to nutn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee konstrukce DIY ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, ale uskute\u010dniteln\u00fd projekt.  Vy\u017eaduje znalosti elektroniky, akustick\u00e9 impedance a sign\u00e1lov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.  V\u00fdsledn\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d bude m\u00edt omezen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, ale poslou\u017e\u00ed jako skv\u011bl\u00e1 pom\u016fcka pro pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f ultrazvukov\u00e9 technologie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DIY ultrazvukov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d: Pr\u016fvodce pro kutily V\u00fdroba vlastn\u00edho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt jako n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol, ale s pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a pe\u010dlivost\u00ed je to dosa\u017eiteln\u00e9 i pro zku\u0161en\u00e9 kutily. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek poskytuje detailn\u00ed n\u00e1vod, jak postupovat p\u0159i konstrukci jednoduch\u00e9ho ultrazvukov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee v\u00fdsledn\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d nebude m\u00edt kvalitu profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale bude<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24651,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61631\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}