{"id":61951,"date":"2023-04-21T13:13:58","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:13:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-piezoelectric-transducer\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:03:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:03:42","slug":"diy-piezoelectric-transducer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/diy-piezoelectric-transducer\/","title":{"rendered":"DIY Piezoelektrick\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d: V\u00fdroba a pou\u017eit\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de si v posledn\u00edch letech z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed popularitu d\u00edky sv\u00e9 univerz\u00e1lnosti a relativn\u00ed jednoduchosti v\u00fdroby.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na DIY (Do It Yourself) v\u00fdrobu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de, od v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1l\u016f po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed.  Z\u00edsk\u00e1te tak z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti a n\u00e1vod, jak si takov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d vyrobit doma.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je samotn\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd materi\u00e1l.  Nej\u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 keramika na b\u00e1zi olovnat\u00e9ho zirkonatanu titani\u010ditanu (PZT).  Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak i alternativy, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad polyvinyliden fluorid (PVDF), kter\u00fd je flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b k\u0159ehk\u00fd, ale obecn\u011b vykazuje ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed piezoelektrickou citlivost.  Pro DIY projekty je PZT keramika dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a snaz\u0161\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, i kdy\u017e vy\u017eaduje opatrnost p\u0159i manipulaci.  N\u011bkdy je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt i recyklovan\u00e9 piezoelektrick\u00e9 prvky z po\u0161kozen\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad zapalova\u010d\u016f nebo star\u00fdch reproduktor\u016f.  V\u017edy je ale nutn\u00e9 zkontrolovat jejich funk\u010dnost.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edprava materi\u00e1lu a n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu budete pot\u0159ebovat i elektrody, nej\u010dast\u011bji z m\u011bdi nebo st\u0159\u00edbra.  Elektrody se nan\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed na plochu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, aby se mohl piezoelektrick\u00fd efekt efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt.  D\u00e1le budete pot\u0159ebovat lep\u00edc\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd zajist\u00ed dobrou p\u0159ilnavost elektrod k piezoelektrick\u00e9 keramice a z\u00e1rove\u0148 bude dostate\u010dn\u011b elektricky izola\u010dn\u00ed.  Epoxydov\u00e9 lepidlo je pro tento \u00fa\u010del vhodn\u00e9.  Z n\u00e1stroj\u016f budete pot\u0159ebovat p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje (prav\u00edtko, posuvn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159idlo),  n\u016f\u017e na \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed keramiky (diamant), jemn\u00fd brusn\u00fd pap\u00edr a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i n\u00e1stroje pro nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed lepidel.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdroba sn\u00edma\u010de<\/p>\n<p>Postup v\u00fdroby piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na jeho zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed.  Pro jednoduch\u00e9 experimenty posta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00fd \u010dtverec nebo obd\u00e9ln\u00edk piezoelektrick\u00e9 keramiky, na jeho\u017e ob\u011b strany naneseme elektrody.  Elektrody je nutn\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u011b vy\u010distit a odmastit p\u0159ed nanesen\u00edm lepidla.  Po nanesen\u00ed lepidla a elektrod je nutn\u00e9 zajistit, aby elektrody dokonale p\u0159il\u00e9haly k povrchu keramiky a aby se mezi nimi nevyskytovaly vzduchov\u00e9 bubliny.  Pot\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 nechat lepidlo d\u016fkladn\u011b vytvrdit podle pokyn\u016f v\u00fdrobce.  Kone\u010dn\u011b se k elektrod\u00e1m p\u0159ipoj\u00ed vodi\u010de.<\/p>\n<p>Kalibrace a testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Po dokon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdroby je nutn\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010d zkalibrovat a otestovat jeho funk\u010dnost.  To se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed osciloskopu a gener\u00e1toru sign\u00e1lu.  Sn\u00edma\u010d se um\u00edst\u00ed do testovac\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zaznamen\u00e1 se jeho odezva na r\u016fzn\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 impulsy.  Z\u00edskan\u00e1 data umo\u017en\u00ed ur\u010dit citlivost sn\u00edma\u010de a jeho frekven\u010dn\u00ed charakteristiku.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Parametr<\/th>\n<th>Jednotka<\/th>\n<th>Hodnota (p\u0159\u00edklad)<\/th>\n<th>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Citlivost<\/td>\n<td>pC\/N<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pou\u017eit\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu a geometrii<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Frekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah<\/td>\n<td>kHz<\/td>\n<td>10-100<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na geometrii a materi\u00e1lu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kapacita<\/td>\n<td>pF<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na geometrii a materi\u00e1lu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Aplikace DIY piezoelektrick\u00fdch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f<\/p>\n<p>DIY piezoelektrick\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de najdou uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le aplikac\u00ed.  Mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity pro detekci vibrac\u00ed, tlaku, zrychlen\u00ed, ale i pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrazvuku (nap\u0159. v jednoduch\u00fdch ultrazvukov\u00fdch \u010disti\u010dk\u00e1ch).  Pro pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed aplikace, jako je p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed akustick\u00e9ho tlaku, je nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metody v\u00fdroby a kalibrace.<\/p>\n<p>DIY v\u00fdroba piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 uspokojuj\u00edc\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje pochopit principy piezoelektrick\u00e9ho jevu a jeho praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed.  A\u010dkoli se na trhu nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la hotov\u00fdch piezoelektrick\u00fdch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f,  DIY p\u0159\u00edstup umo\u017e\u0148uje experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly a geometriemi, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se otev\u00edr\u00e1 prostor pro inovativn\u00ed aplikace a hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de si v posledn\u00edch letech z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed popularitu d\u00edky sv\u00e9 univerz\u00e1lnosti a relativn\u00ed jednoduchosti v\u00fdroby. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na DIY (Do It Yourself) v\u00fdrobu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de, od v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1l\u016f po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Z\u00edsk\u00e1te tak z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti a n\u00e1vod, jak si takov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d vyrobit doma. V\u00fdb\u011br piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de je<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19422,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61951","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61951"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61951\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}