{"id":61976,"date":"2023-04-21T13:11:38","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-piezo-actuator\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:03:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:03:39","slug":"diy-piezo-actuator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/diy-piezo-actuator\/","title":{"rendered":"DIY Piezoelektrick\u00fd Aktu\u00e1tor: N\u00e1vod a Tipy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 aktu\u00e1tory se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v oblasti DIY projekt\u016f, a to d\u00edky jejich kompaktn\u00edm rozm\u011br\u016fm, vysok\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti a relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 cen\u011b.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na konstrukci vlastn\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho aktu\u00e1toru, od v\u00fdb\u011bru sou\u010d\u00e1stek a\u017e po jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed otestov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdb\u011br Piezoelektrick\u00e9ho Elementu<\/h3>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed DIY piezo aktu\u00e1toru je samotn\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd element.  Tyto elementy se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech a velikostech, s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi parametry, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad s\u00edla, zdvih a pracovn\u00ed frekvence.  Pro DIY projekty se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed desti\u010dky nebo disky z piezoelektrick\u00e9 keramiky.  P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru je nutn\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017eit po\u017eadovan\u00fd zdvih (posun), s\u00edlu a pracovn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed.  V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zdvih vy\u017eaduje bu\u010f v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed element, nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed.  D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 zkontrolovat maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo po\u0161kozen\u00ed elementu.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Parametr<\/th>\n<th>Hodnota (P\u0159\u00edklad)<\/th>\n<th>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Velikost (mm)<\/td>\n<td>10 x 10 x 1<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00e9m zdvihu a s\u00edle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zdvih (\u00b5m)<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed posunut\u00ed p\u0159i aplikovan\u00e9m nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u00edla (N)<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>S\u00edla, kterou element dok\u00e1\u017ee vyvinout<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pracovn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed (V)<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>Nap\u011bt\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro dosa\u017een\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho zdvihu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kapacita (nF)<\/td>\n<td>1000<\/td>\n<td>Ovliv\u0148uje rychlost odezvy a po\u017eadavky na zdroj nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Konstrukce Mechanick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti<\/h3>\n<p>Mechanick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st aktu\u00e1toru slou\u017e\u00ed k zes\u00edlen\u00ed a p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed pohybu piezoelektrick\u00e9ho elementu.  M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tvo\u0159ena r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, nap\u0159\u00edklad hlin\u00edkem, ocel\u00ed, nebo plastem.  Jednoduch\u00e1 konstrukce m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat pouh\u00fd dr\u017e\u00e1k pro piezo element a mechanismus pro p\u0159enos pohybu na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 m\u00edsto. Slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konstrukce mohou zahrnovat p\u00e1ky, \u0161rouby a dal\u0161\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky pro zes\u00edlen\u00ed zdvihu nebo s\u00edly.  Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvolit materi\u00e1l s dostate\u010dnou tuhost\u00ed a odolnost\u00ed proti deformaci.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektronick\u00e9 \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 elementy vy\u017eaduj\u00ed pro svoji funkci specifick\u00e9 nap\u00e1jen\u00ed.  Jednoduch\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1no pomoc\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho zdroje vysok\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed (nap\u0159. zdroj z elektronky), av\u0161ak pro p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt zesilova\u010d nap\u011bt\u00ed s mo\u017enost\u00ed PWM regulace.  T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem lze \u0159\u00eddit amplituda a frekvence oscilac\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho elementu a t\u00edm i p\u0159esnost jeho polohy.<\/p>\n<h3>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a Kalibrace<\/h3>\n<p>Po sestaven\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 aktu\u00e1tor otestovat a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b kalibrovat.  Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zdvihu, s\u00edly a odezvy na r\u016fzn\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly.  Kalibrace slou\u017e\u00ed k ur\u010den\u00ed vztahu mezi vstupn\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm a v\u00fdstupn\u00edm pohybem aktu\u00e1toru.  K m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zdvihu lze pou\u017e\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad mikroskop nebo laserov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s piezoelektrick\u00fdmi elementy a vysok\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm je nutn\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy.  Vysok\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a je nutn\u00e9 se vyvarovat dotyku s odkryt\u00fdmi vodi\u010di.  Tak\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 chr\u00e1nit piezoelektrick\u00fd element p\u0159ed p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by mohlo v\u00e9st k jeho po\u0161kozen\u00ed.  <\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee konstrukce DIY piezoelektrick\u00e9ho aktu\u00e1toru je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, ale realizovateln\u00fd projekt.  Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br sou\u010d\u00e1stek, pe\u010dliv\u00e1 konstrukce a d\u016fkladn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou realizaci.  S trochou trp\u011blivosti a technick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it funk\u010dn\u00ed a spolehliv\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd aktu\u00e1tor pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 aktu\u00e1tory se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v oblasti DIY projekt\u016f, a to d\u00edky jejich kompaktn\u00edm rozm\u011br\u016fm, vysok\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti a relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 cen\u011b. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na konstrukci vlastn\u00edho piezoelektrick\u00e9ho aktu\u00e1toru, od v\u00fdb\u011bru sou\u010d\u00e1stek a\u017e po jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed otestov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdb\u011br Piezoelektrick\u00e9ho Elementu Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed DIY piezo aktu\u00e1toru je samotn\u00fd piezoelektrick\u00fd element. Tyto elementy se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26480,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61976"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61976\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}