{"id":62626,"date":"2023-04-21T10:45:05","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T15:45:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-air-pressure-sensor\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:02:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:02:37","slug":"diy-air-pressure-sensor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/diy-air-pressure-sensor\/","title":{"rendered":"DIY senzor tlaku vzduchu: N\u00e1vod krok za krokem"},"content":{"rendered":"

Senzor tlaku vzduchu si m\u016f\u017eete vyrobit i doma, a\u010dkoliv profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed senzory nab\u00edzej\u00ed mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost a spolehlivost. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdroba je v\u0161ak skv\u011bl\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak porozum\u011bt princip\u016fm m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku vzduchu a experimentovat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metodami. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek v\u00e1m p\u0159edstav\u00ed n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k v\u00fdrob\u011b DIY senzoru tlaku vzduchu.<\/p>\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pomoc\u00ed zm\u011bny objemu uzav\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1doby<\/h3>\n

Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed metoda spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zm\u011bny objemu uzav\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1doby v z\u00e1vislosti na tlaku vzduchu. K tomu pot\u0159ebujete pru\u017enou n\u00e1dobu (nap\u0159. bal\u00f3nek), kter\u00e1 se bude deformovat pod vlivem tlaku. Zm\u011bnu objemu pak m\u016f\u017eete m\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch metod. Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed je zm\u011b\u0159it zm\u011bnu vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi dv\u011bma body na balonku pomoc\u00ed potenciometru. Pohyb balonku se p\u0159enese na potenciometr a zm\u011bna odporu indikuje zm\u011bnu tlaku. Dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed optick\u00e9ho senzoru, kter\u00fd detekuje zm\u011bnu vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi balonkem a pevn\u00fdm bodem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Metoda m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zm\u011bny objemu<\/th>\nV\u00fdhody<\/th>\nNev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Potenciometr<\/td>\nJednoduch\u00e1 implementace, n\u00edzk\u00e1 cena<\/td>\nN\u00edzk\u00e1 p\u0159esnost, ovlivn\u011bno teplotou<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Optick\u00fd senzor<\/td>\nVy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost, m\u00e9n\u011b ovlivn\u011bno teplotou<\/td>\nVy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena, slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed implementace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Barometrick\u00fd senzor s vyu\u017eit\u00edm piezoelektrick\u00e9ho prvku<\/h3>\n

Piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly generuj\u00ed elektrick\u00fd n\u00e1boj v reakci na mechanick\u00fd tlak. Tento princip m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt k v\u00fdrob\u011b jednoduch\u00e9ho barometrick\u00e9ho senzoru. Pot\u0159ebujete piezoelektrick\u00fd prvek, kter\u00fd je schopen detekovat i mal\u00e9 zm\u011bny tlaku. V\u00fdstupn\u00ed sign\u00e1l bude p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00fd zm\u011bn\u00e1m tlaku. Je nutn\u00e9 kalibrovat senzor srovn\u00e1n\u00edm s referen\u010dn\u00edm barometrem. Tato metoda vy\u017eaduje ur\u010ditou elektronickou znalost pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Diferenci\u00e1ln\u00ed tlakov\u00fd senzor s membr\u00e1nou<\/h3>\n

Tento typ senzoru m\u011b\u0159\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdm tlakem a referen\u010dn\u00edm tlakem. Referen\u010dn\u00ed tlak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt udr\u017eov\u00e1n v uzav\u0159en\u00e9 komo\u0159e. Membr\u00e1na odd\u011bluje atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fd tlak od referen\u010dn\u00edho tlaku a jej\u00ed deformace je m\u011b\u0159ena pomoc\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho senzoru (nap\u0159. tenzometr). Tato metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, ale je slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n

Praktick\u00e9 \u00favahy a kalibrace<\/h3>\n

Nez\u00e1visle na zvolen\u00e9 metod\u011b je nezbytn\u00e1 kalibrace senzoru. To zahrnuje srovn\u00e1n\u00ed nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch hodnot s referen\u010dn\u00edm barometrem a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kalibra\u010dn\u00ed k\u0159ivky. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 zohlednit vliv teploty na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b prov\u00e9st teplotn\u00ed kompenzaci. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly by m\u011bly b\u00fdt odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vliv\u016fm a m\u011bly by zajistit dlouhodobou stabilitu senzoru.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u00fdroba DIY senzoru tlaku vzduchu je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, ale uskute\u010dniteln\u00e1. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 p\u0159esnost bude ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch senzor\u016f, ale poskytne cenn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku vzduchu. V\u00fdb\u011br metody z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dostupn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech, elektronick\u00fdch znalostech a po\u017eadovan\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti. Experimentujte a objevujte!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Senzor tlaku vzduchu si m\u016f\u017eete vyrobit i doma, a\u010dkoliv profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed senzory nab\u00edzej\u00ed mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost a spolehlivost. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdroba je v\u0161ak skv\u011bl\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak porozum\u011bt princip\u016fm m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku vzduchu a experimentovat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metodami. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek v\u00e1m p\u0159edstav\u00ed n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k v\u00fdrob\u011b DIY senzoru tlaku vzduchu. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pomoc\u00ed zm\u011bny objemu uzav\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1doby Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed metoda spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62626"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62626\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}