{"id":63336,"date":"2022-06-25T12:28:18","date_gmt":"2022-06-25T17:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-cavitation-in-ultrasonic-cleaning\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:17:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:17:10","slug":"what-is-cavitation-in-ultrasonic-cleaning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/what-is-cavitation-in-ultrasonic-cleaning\/","title":{"rendered":"Kavitac\u00ed v ultrazvukov\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: Podrobn\u00fd rozbor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je efektivn\u00ed metoda odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u010distot z r\u016fzn\u00fdch povrch\u016f pomoc\u00ed ultrazvuku.  Jeho \u00fa\u010dinnost je do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na jevu zvan\u00e9m kavitace. Pochopen\u00ed kavitace je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro efektivn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Co je to kavitace?<\/h3>\n<p>Kavitace je fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed jev, kter\u00fd nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v kapalin\u011b vystaven\u00e9 ultrazvukov\u00fdm vln\u00e1m.  Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v kapalin\u011b oblasti s velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdm tlakem, tzv. kavita\u010dn\u00ed bubliny.  Tyto bubliny se tvo\u0159\u00ed a kolapsuj\u00ed s vysokou frekvenc\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kolaps t\u011bchto bublin je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za \u010distic\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek ultrazvuku.  B\u011bhem kolapsu se uvol\u0148uje zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie v mal\u00e9m prostoru, \u010d\u00edm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mikroexploz\u00edm. Tyto mikroexploze odstra\u0148uj\u00ed ne\u010distoty z povrchu \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Vznik a kolaps kavita\u010dn\u00edch bublin<\/h3>\n<p>Vznik kavita\u010dn\u00edch bublin je zp\u016fsoben st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm vysok\u00e9ho a n\u00edzk\u00e9ho tlaku v kapalin\u011b.  Kdy\u017e tlak klesne pod tlak nasycen\u00fdch par kapaliny, za\u010dnou se tvo\u0159it bubliny p\u00e1ry. Jak se tlak op\u011bt zvy\u0161uje, bubliny se smr\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed a nakonec imploduj\u00ed.  Tato imploze vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vysok\u00e9 tlaky a teploty v mikroskopick\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.  Intenzita kavitace z\u00e1vis\u00ed na n\u011bkolika faktorech, v\u010detn\u011b frekvence ultrazvuku, intenzity ultrazvuku a vlastnost\u00ed kapaliny.<\/p>\n<h3>Faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed kavita\u010dn\u00ed efekt<\/h3>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Faktor<\/th>\n<th>Vliv na kavita\u010dn\u00ed efekt<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Frekvence ultrazvuku<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed frekvence \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bubliny, siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed imploze, agresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed frekvence \u2013 men\u0161\u00ed bubliny, jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Intenzita ultrazvuku<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed intenzita \u2013 siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kavitace, efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed intenzita \u2013 slab\u0161\u00ed kavitace, \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Typ kapaliny<\/td>\n<td>Visk\u00f3zn\u00ed kapaliny \u2013 slab\u0161\u00ed kavitace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Kapaliny s n\u00edzkou viskozitou \u2013 siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kavitace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Teplota kapaliny<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota \u2013 m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed kavitace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplota \u2013 efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kavitace (do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Aplikace kavitace v ultrazvukov\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Kavitace se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v \u0161irok\u00e9m spektru aplikac\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Od \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed precizn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek v pr\u016fmyslu, p\u0159es \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, a\u017e po \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0161perk\u016f.  V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 frekvence a intenzity ultrazvuku je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro dosa\u017een\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bez po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Prevence po\u0161kozen\u00ed b\u011bhem ultrazvukov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>A\u010dkoliv je kavitace kl\u00ed\u010dem k efektivn\u00edmu \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f.  P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 siln\u00e1 kavitace m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit erozi povrchu.  Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 volit vhodn\u00e9 parametry \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvat vhodn\u00e9 \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky.<\/p>\n<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm kavitace je vysoce efektivn\u00ed metoda, kter\u00e1 nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed.  Pochopen\u00ed princip\u016f kavitace a faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch jej\u00ed efektivitu je nezbytn\u00e9 pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie a dosa\u017een\u00ed kvalitn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je efektivn\u00ed metoda odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u010distot z r\u016fzn\u00fdch povrch\u016f pomoc\u00ed ultrazvuku. Jeho \u00fa\u010dinnost je do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na jevu zvan\u00e9m kavitace. Pochopen\u00ed kavitace je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro efektivn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Co je to kavitace? Kavitace je fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed jev, kter\u00fd nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v kapalin\u011b vystaven\u00e9 ultrazvukov\u00fdm vln\u00e1m. Ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v kapalin\u011b oblasti s velmi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63336"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63336\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}