{"id":63606,"date":"2022-05-14T06:41:17","date_gmt":"2022-05-14T11:41:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/the-expected-life-of-piezoelectric-material\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T06:15:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T11:15:14","slug":"the-expected-life-of-piezoelectric-material","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/the-expected-life-of-piezoelectric-material\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017divotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f: O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 a re\u00e1ln\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech, od senzor\u016f a aktu\u00e1tor\u016f a\u017e po energetick\u00e9 skl\u00edze\u010de.  \u017divotnost t\u011bchto materi\u00e1l\u016f je v\u0161ak kritick\u00fdm faktorem pro jejich spolehlivost a ekonomickou efektivitu.  Mnoho faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uje, jak dlouho piezoelektrick\u00fd materi\u00e1l udr\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti a z\u016fstane funk\u010dn\u00ed.  Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se podrobn\u011bji zab\u00fdv\u00e1 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi o\u010dek\u00e1vanou \u017eivotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a strategi\u00ed pro jej\u00ed prodlou\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Vliv prost\u0159ed\u00ed na \u017eivotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>\u017divotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f je zna\u010dn\u011b ovlivn\u011bna okoln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm.  Vlhkost, teplota a chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e mohou zp\u016fsobit degradaci materi\u00e1lu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jeho piezoelektrick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed.  Vysok\u00e1 vlhkost m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k degradaci povrchu a k pronik\u00e1n\u00ed iont\u016f, kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uj\u00ed krystalovou strukturu.  Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty, jak vysok\u00e9, tak n\u00edzk\u00e9, mohou zp\u016fsobit tepeln\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 praskliny v materi\u00e1lu.  P\u0159\u00edtomnost agresivn\u00edch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, jako jsou kyseliny nebo z\u00e1sady, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit korozi a degradaci piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Faktor prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>Vliv na \u017eivotnost<\/th>\n<th>Strategie zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Vlhkost<\/td>\n<td>Degradace povrchu, pronik\u00e1n\u00ed iont\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Hermetick\u00e9 zapouzd\u0159en\u00ed, hydrofobn\u00ed povlaky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Teplota<\/td>\n<td>Tepeln\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, praskliny<\/td>\n<td>Volba vhodn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, tepeln\u00e1 izolace<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/td>\n<td>Koroze, degradace<\/td>\n<td>Ochrann\u00e9 povlaky, v\u00fdb\u011br odoln\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Mechanick\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a \u00fanava materi\u00e1lu<\/h3>\n<p>Mechanick\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed je dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm faktorem ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm \u017eivotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.   Opakovan\u00e9 cyklick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k \u00fanav\u011b materi\u00e1lu a vzniku mikrotrhlin, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed jeho piezoelektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti a nakonec mohou v\u00e9st k selh\u00e1n\u00ed.  Velk\u00e1 mechanick\u00e1 s\u00edla m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit okam\u017eit\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed nebo prasknut\u00ed.  Zejm\u00e9na v aplikac\u00edch s vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00edmi vibracemi, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010disti\u010de, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvolit materi\u00e1l s vysokou odolnost\u00ed proti \u00fanav\u011b.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektrick\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a polarizace<\/h3>\n<p>Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 pole m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit depolarizaci piezoelektrick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, co\u017e vede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jeho piezoelektrick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed.  Opakovan\u00e9 cykly polarizace a depolarizace mohou tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k \u00fanav\u011b materi\u00e1lu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jeho \u017eivotnosti.  Je proto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat doporu\u010den\u00e9 nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 limity a vyh\u00fdbat se p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Vliv st\u00e1rnut\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>St\u00e1rnut\u00ed materi\u00e1lu je p\u0159irozen\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd vede k postupn\u00e9 degradaci jeho vlastnost\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu.  Tento proces je ovlivn\u011bn mnoha faktory, v\u010detn\u011b teploty, vlhkosti a mechanick\u00e9ho nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed.  St\u00e1rnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed piezoelektrick\u00e9ho koeficientu, dielektrick\u00e9 konstanty a mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Prodlou\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotnosti piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Existuje n\u011bkolik strategi\u00ed pro prodlou\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotnosti piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.  Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b volba vhodn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu s vysokou odolnost\u00ed proti mechanick\u00e9mu a chemick\u00e9mu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, pou\u017eit\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch povlak\u016f,  optimalizace provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek a minimalizace mechanick\u00e9ho a elektrick\u00e9ho nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed.  D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 pravideln\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu materi\u00e1lu a v\u010dasn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna po\u0161kozen\u00fdch komponent.  V n\u011bkter\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad u ultrazvukov\u00fdch \u010disti\u010d\u016f od firmy Beijing Ultrasonic, se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed konstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro minimalizaci nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a prodlou\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotnosti piezoelektrick\u00fdch element\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u017eivotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f je ovlivn\u011bna mnoha faktory a jej\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f vy\u017eaduje komplexn\u00ed anal\u00fdzu provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek.  Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto faktor\u016f a pou\u017eit\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch strategi\u00ed pro minimalizaci jejich vlivu je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spolehlivosti a dlouh\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti aplikac\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoelektrick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech, od senzor\u016f a aktu\u00e1tor\u016f a\u017e po energetick\u00e9 skl\u00edze\u010de. \u017divotnost t\u011bchto materi\u00e1l\u016f je v\u0161ak kritick\u00fdm faktorem pro jejich spolehlivost a ekonomickou efektivitu. Mnoho faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uje, jak dlouho piezoelektrick\u00fd materi\u00e1l udr\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti a z\u016fstane funk\u010dn\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se podrobn\u011bji zab\u00fdv\u00e1 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi o\u010dek\u00e1vanou \u017eivotnost piezoelektrick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a strategi\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4869,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63606"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63606\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}