{"id":29105,"date":"2023-04-22T03:01:16","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-sensor\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T06:25:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T11:25:41","slug":"how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-sensor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/how-to-make-an-ultrasonic-sensor\/","title":{"rendered":"Ultrasonik Sens\u00f6r Yap\u0131m\u0131: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m K\u0131lavuz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrasonik sens\u00f6rler, ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yapabilen kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 cihazlard\u0131r.  Nesnelere olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, engelleri tespit etmeyi ve hatta s\u0131v\u0131 seviyelerini \u00f6l\u00e7meyi sa\u011flarlar.  Bu makalede, basit bir ultrasonik sens\u00f6r\u00fcn nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceleyece\u011fiz.  Temel elektronik bilgisi olan herkes bu projeyi tamamlayabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Gerekli Malzemeler<\/h3>\n<p>Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri temin etmeniz gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ultrasonik verici (40kHz)<\/li>\n<li>Ultrasonik al\u0131c\u0131 (40kHz)<\/li>\n<li>Arduino Uno (veya benzeri bir mikrodenetleyici)<\/li>\n<li>Jumper kablolar<\/li>\n<li>Breadboard<\/li>\n<li>Diren\u00e7ler (220\u03a9 ve 10k\u03a9)<\/li>\n<li>Kondansat\u00f6r (100nF)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Devre \u015eemas\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda, devre elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Bile\u015fen<\/th>\n<th>Arduino Pin<\/th>\n<th>A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Verici VCC<\/td>\n<td>5V<\/td>\n<td>Vericiye g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Verici Trig<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Tetikleme pini<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Verici GND<\/td>\n<td>GND<\/td>\n<td>Topraklama<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Al\u0131c\u0131 VCC<\/td>\n<td>5V<\/td>\n<td>Al\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Al\u0131c\u0131 Echo<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Yank\u0131 pini<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Al\u0131c\u0131 GND<\/td>\n<td>GND<\/td>\n<td>Topraklama<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Kod Yazma<\/h3>\n<p>Devreyi kurduktan sonra, Arduino&#8217;ya y\u00fcklemek i\u00e7in bir kod yazmam\u0131z gerekiyor.  A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod, vericiye bir sinyal g\u00f6nderir, yank\u0131n\u0131n geri d\u00f6nmesini bekler ve ard\u0131ndan mesafeyi hesaplar.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c++\">const int trigPin = 7;\nconst int echoPin = 6;\n\nlong duration;\nint distance;\n\nvoid setup() {\n  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);\n  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);\n  Serial.begin(9600);\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);\n  delayMicroseconds(2);\n  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);\n  delayMicroseconds(10);\n  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);\n\n  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);\n  distance = duration * 0.034 \/ 2;\n\n  Serial.print(\"Mesafe: \");\n  Serial.print(distance);\n  Serial.println(\" cm\");\n  delay(100);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Mesafe Hesaplama<\/h3>\n<p>Kodda, <code>pulseIn()<\/code> fonksiyonu, yank\u0131 pininin HIGH durumunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcreyi mikrosaniye cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7er.  Mesafeyi hesaplamak i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcreyi ses h\u0131z\u0131na (havada yakla\u015f\u0131k 340 m\/s veya 0.034 cm\/\u00b5s) b\u00f6l\u00fcp ikiye b\u00f6lmemiz gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen s\u00fcre, sinyalin gidip gelme s\u00fcresidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kalibrasyon ve Test<\/h3>\n<p>Sens\u00f6r\u00fc test etmek i\u00e7in, \u00f6n\u00fcne farkl\u0131 mesafelerde bir nesne yerle\u015ftirin ve seri monit\u00f6rden okunan de\u011ferleri g\u00f6zlemleyin.  Gerekirse, kodda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayarlamalar yaparak kalibrasyon yapabilirsiniz.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ses h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir, bu nedenle daha do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k kompanzasyonu ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Ultrasonik sens\u00f6r yap\u0131m\u0131, temel elektronik bilgisiyle kolayca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilecek bir projedir.  Bu makalede anlat\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar\u0131 takip ederek kendi ultrasonik sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc yapabilir ve \u00e7e\u015fitli projelerinizde kullanabilirsiniz.  Mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, robot navigasyonu, park sens\u00f6rleri gibi bir\u00e7ok uygulamada ultrasonik sens\u00f6rler olduk\u00e7a faydal\u0131d\u0131r.  Daha karma\u015f\u0131k projeler i\u00e7in, daha hassas sens\u00f6rler ve geli\u015fmi\u015f algoritmalar kullanman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ultrasonik sens\u00f6rler, ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yapabilen kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 cihazlard\u0131r. Nesnelere olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, engelleri tespit etmeyi ve hatta s\u0131v\u0131 seviyelerini \u00f6l\u00e7meyi sa\u011flarlar. Bu makalede, basit bir ultrasonik sens\u00f6r\u00fcn nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceleyece\u011fiz. Temel elektronik bilgisi olan herkes bu projeyi tamamlayabilir. Gerekli Malzemeler Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri temin etmeniz gerekmektedir: Ultrasonik verici (40kHz) Ultrasonik al\u0131c\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26465,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6410],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29105"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29105\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}