{"id":72783,"date":"2022-04-24T02:02:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-24T07:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/piezoelectric-ceramic-technical\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T09:30:01","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T14:30:01","slug":"piezoelectric-ceramic-technical","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/piezoelectric-ceramic-technical\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng Quan K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoceramics, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch khi ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1o ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cao h\u01a1n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h3>1. C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng \u0110i\u1ec3n H\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/category\/piezoelectric-ceramic-vi\/ring-piezoelectric-ceramics-vi\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh V\u00f2ng<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/shop\/disc-piezoelectric-ceramics\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh \u0110\u0129a<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, ph\u1eb3ng.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/shop\/tube-piezoelectric-ceramics\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh \u1ed0ng<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 r\u1ed7ng.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m y t\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/shop\/cylinder-piezoelectric-ceramics\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh Tr\u1ee5<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 rung.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/shop\/ball-hemisphere-piezoelectric-ceramics\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh C\u1ea7u\/B\u00e1n C\u1ea7u<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i si\u00eau \u00e2m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh y t\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/shop\/square-rectangular-piezoelectric-ceramics\/\">G\u1ed1m \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u00ecnh Vu\u00f4ng\/Ch\u1eef Nh\u1eadt<\/a><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, ph\u1eb3ng.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111a n\u0103ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Piezoelectric Ceramics | Piezoceramics\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1Z8-9WdJKhQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>2. V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n PZT8<\/h3>\n<p>PZT8 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ec zirconat titanat (PZT) c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 cao:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao:<\/strong> Mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> L\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn PZT8 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e1y l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n si\u00eau \u00e2m, m\u00e1y d\u00f2 si\u00eau \u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Beijing Ultrasonic.<\/p>\n<h3>3. V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n PZT4<\/h3>\n<p>PZT4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m PZT kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 PZT8 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 PZT8, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea7m trung.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m, h\u00e0n si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 rung.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u \u00c1p \u0110i\u1ec7n PZT5<\/h3>\n<p>PZT5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8220;m\u1ec1m&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tinh vi:<\/strong> Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, si\u00eau \u00e2m y t\u1ebf, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 micr\u00f4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac<\/h3>\n<p>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00ec Zirconat Titanat (PZT):<\/strong> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bari Titanat:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00ec Titanat:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, g\u1ed1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Perovskite, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung l\u00e0 ABO3.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e2n C\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n<p>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf (tinh th\u1ec3), m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c r\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng DC cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h3>7. Pha t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1217\" title=\"The Perovskite crystal structure\" src=\"\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/The-Perovskite-crystal-structure.jpg\" alt=\"The Perovskite crystal structure\" width=\"391\" height=\"201\" \/><\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Perovskite c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng cao v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 (pha t\u1ea1p). Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t pha t\u1ea1p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3>8. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1218\" title=\"Electric dipoles in piezoelectric materials before, during and after poling\" src=\"\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/Electric-dipoles-in-piezoelectric-materials-before-during-and-after-poling.jpg\" alt=\"Electric dipoles in piezoelectric materials before, during and after poling\" width=\"395\" height=\"237\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c 3 song song v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng (S), \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (T) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng (E) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<p>S = sE.T + d.E<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S l\u00e0 tensor bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n<li>T l\u00e0 tensor \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>E l\u00e0 vector \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>sE l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li>d l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u1ea1ng t\u1eed sE.T \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, trong khi h\u1ea1ng t\u1eed d.E m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cao. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 Beijing Ultrasonic s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tinh vi nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Piezoceramics, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch khi ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1o ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1617,"parent":0,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-72783","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72783\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}