{"id":43545,"date":"2024-04-15T02:56:10","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T07:56:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/beyond-pottery-the-science-behind-piezoceramic-materials\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:05:58","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:05:58","slug":"beyond-pottery-the-science-behind-piezoceramic-materials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/beyond-pottery-the-science-behind-piezoceramic-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u01b0\u1ee3t xa g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9: Khoa h\u1ecdc \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 trong y sinh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: T\u1eeb zirconate titanate ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n

Zirconate titanate ch\u00ec (PZT) l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec, m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 titanate bari v\u00e0 niobate kali natri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (pC\/N)<\/th>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Curie (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
PZT<\/td>\nCao<\/td>\nTrung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\nCh\u1ee9a ch\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Titanate Bari<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p h\u01a1n PZT<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Niobate Kali Natri<\/td>\nCao<\/td>\nCao<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Curie cao<\/td>\nKh\u00f3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00f3 c\u1ee9ng (ABS). Ngo\u00e0i ra, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Beijing Ultrasonic.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t, \u00e9p khu\u00f4n, nung k\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 trong t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nano. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn. T\u1eeb y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23771,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43545","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43545"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43545\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}