{"id":44180,"date":"2023-04-25T16:22:52","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T21:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-a-piezo-crystal\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:28:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:28:14","slug":"what-is-a-piezo-crystal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/what-is-a-piezo-crystal\/","title":{"rendered":"Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 piezo, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi anh em nh\u00e0 Pierre v\u00e0 Jacques Curie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1880, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo hai chi\u1ec1u: tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra khi tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o tinh th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 piezo<\/h3>\n

Tinh th\u1ec3 piezo th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m PZT (ch\u00ec zirconat titanat), ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i polymer \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polymer<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 piezo<\/h3>\n

Tinh th\u1ec3 piezo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ea1o \u00e2m thanh trong loa v\u00e0 microphone. Trong y t\u1ebf, tinh th\u1ec3 piezo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 piezo l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c b\u1eadt l\u1eeda, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, Beijing Ultrasonic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 piezo d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Khi tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ean trong thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0o tinh th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 piezo s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 piezo, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi anh em nh\u00e0 Pierre<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}