{"id":44220,"date":"2023-04-25T16:19:49","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T21:19:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-a-piezoelectric\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:28:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:28:18","slug":"what-is-a-piezoelectric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/what-is-a-piezoelectric\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u piezo, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 b\u1eadt l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi hai d\u1ea1ng: tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, co l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e3n ra t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 PZT – ch\u00ec zirconat titanat), v\u00e0 polyme \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 PVDF – polyvinylidene fluoride). M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PZT)<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polyme \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PVDF)<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong y t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, gia t\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 loa, microphone, v\u00e0 b\u1eadt l\u1eeda. M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong tinh th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai bao g\u1ed3m thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed linh ho\u1ea1t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u piezo, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44220\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}