{"id":44460,"date":"2023-04-25T14:51:35","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T19:51:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-needed-to-make-biodiesel\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:28:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:28:53","slug":"what-is-needed-to-make-biodiesel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/what-is-needed-to-make-biodiesel\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Biodiesel, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1eady, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra biodiesel? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Biodiesel<\/h3>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (d\u1ea7u \u0103n th\u1ea3i), d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, d\u1ea7u c\u1ecd, d\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng.  L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a biodiesel.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ea7u \u0103n th\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ef9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, d\u1ec5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ea7u c\u1ecd<\/td>\n<td>N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao<\/td>\n<td>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Biodiesel<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a este (transesterification).  Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed3n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 methanol ho\u1eb7c ethanol) v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a este.  C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh: x\u00fac t\u00e1c baz\u01a1 (nh\u01b0 natri hydroxit, kali hydroxit) v\u00e0 x\u00fac t\u00e1c axit (nh\u01b0 axit sulfuric). X\u00fac t\u00e1c baz\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n do hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c baz\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 si\u00eau \u00e2m. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a biodiesel, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 mol gi\u1eefa c\u1ed3n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u:<\/strong> T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c:<\/strong> N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1ea1o ra glycerin nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5. Glycerin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.  M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, biodiesel v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biodiesel, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1eady, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26457,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44460"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44460\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}