{"id":44492,"date":"2023-04-25T14:49:27","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T19:49:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/what-is-piezoelectric-material\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:28:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:28:56","slug":"what-is-piezoelectric-material","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/what-is-piezoelectric-material\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.  Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi anh em nh\u00e0 Pierre v\u00e0 Jacques Curie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1880.  Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 b\u1eadt l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u1ea1ch anh cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong y khoa, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi hai d\u1ea1ng: tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.  Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, co l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e3n n\u1edf.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m nh\u01b0 ch\u00ec zirconat titanat (PZT). Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>  Quartz (th\u1ea1ch anh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.  Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Polymer \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 polymer \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.  Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>  \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 polymer \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u1ed1m<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tinh th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Polymer<\/td>\n<td>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Composite<\/td>\n<td>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 polymer<\/td>\n<td>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn:<\/strong>  Trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, gia t\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m, m\u00e1y in phun, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>  Thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb rung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y t\u1ebf:<\/strong>  Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh l\u1eeda:<\/strong> Trong b\u1eadt l\u1eeda gas v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ebfp gas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c si\u00eau \u00e2m, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.  V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 si\u00eau \u00e2m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111a n\u0103ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.  S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi anh em nh\u00e0 Pierre v\u00e0 Jacques Curie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1880. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1617,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44492\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}