{"id":45164,"date":"2023-04-22T03:02:40","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-a-piezoelectric-crystal\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:17:17","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:17:17","slug":"how-to-make-a-piezoelectric-crystal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-a-piezoelectric-crystal\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PZT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PVDF<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng<\/td>\nHi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n PZT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Composite<\/td>\nK\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tinh th\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea1ch anh)<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea1ch anh, quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tinh th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y trong dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PZT)<\/h3>\n

G\u1ed1m PZT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c oxide kim lo\u1ea1i theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 nghi\u1ec1n, tr\u1ed9n, \u00e9p, thi\u00eau k\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

C\u1eaft v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

Sau khi tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 PZT. Tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45164\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}