{"id":45188,"date":"2023-04-22T03:01:45","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:01:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-a-sonar-device\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:17:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:17:27","slug":"how-to-make-a-sonar-device","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-a-sonar-device\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.  M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sonar t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Sonar<\/h3>\n<p>Sonar ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u00f3ng \u00e2m. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t xung s\u00f3ng \u00e2m, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t xung v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng, sonar c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3>Linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m (Ultrasonic Transducer)<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 thu s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m (Ultrasonic Transducer)<\/li>\n<li>Vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Arduino Uno l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn)<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ea1ch khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<li>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e2y n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Linh ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<th>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e1t ra s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ed9 thu s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n<td>Thu nh\u1eadn s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ea1ch khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>Khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 thu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>Cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.  \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u1edbi vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t xung s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m, \u0111o th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.  C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Arduino h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/p>\n<h3>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar.  B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o.  N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, h\u00e3y hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng.  N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t Beijing Ultrasonic.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m tuy \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng b\u1ed5 \u00edch.  Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.  H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sonar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26939,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45188"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45188\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}