{"id":45236,"date":"2023-04-22T03:00:10","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-cooking-oil\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:18:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:18:10","slug":"how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-cooking-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-cooking-oil\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea7u \u0103n c\u0169 th\u00e0nh biodiesel hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, methanol (CH3OH), ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 NaOH ho\u1eb7c KOH), c\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u1ed1c \u0111ong, b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ph\u1ec5u l\u1ecdc. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u \u0103n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u \u0103n<\/h3>\n

D\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1eb7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u qua v\u1ea3i l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n th\u00f4. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111un n\u00f3ng d\u1ea7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 120\u00b0C trong kho\u1ea3ng 30 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Pha ch\u1ebf dung d\u1ecbch methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n

C\u00e2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o methanol. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn trong khu v\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng v\u00ec methanol l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a este (Transesterification)<\/h3>\n

\u0110un n\u00f3ng d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 55-60\u00b0C. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed5 dung d\u1ecbch methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u \u0103n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong kho\u1ea3ng 1-2 gi\u1edd. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1ch glycerin<\/h3>\n

Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p l\u1eafng trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. Biodiesel s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n glycerin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. T\u00e1ch l\u1edbp biodiesel ra kh\u1ecfi glycerin b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ec5u chi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

R\u1eeda biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Biodiesel thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi t\u00e1ch glycerin v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, methanol d\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. R\u1eeda biodiesel b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda trong. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1eeda gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Sau khi r\u1eeda, biodiesel v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 biodiesel b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 100\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m nh\u01b0 magnesium sulfate khan.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Biodiesel \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, trong su\u1ed1t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kit th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau<\/th>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt<\/td>\nTheo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n< 500 ppm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 axit<\/td>\n< 0.5 mg KOH\/g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0. N\u00ean nh\u1edb, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26457,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45236"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45236\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}