{"id":45244,"date":"2023-04-22T03:00:05","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T08:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-vegetable-oil\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:18:11","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:18:11","slug":"how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-vegetable-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-biodiesel-from-used-vegetable-oil\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba gi\u00fap t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

Thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n

D\u1ea7u \u0103n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u1ea3i l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Sau khi l\u1ecdc, d\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 kho\u1ea3ng 120\u00b0C trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong d\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng transesterification.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 axit, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 axit cao s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/th>\nM\u1ee9c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 axit<\/td>\n< 4 mg KOH\/g<\/td>\nTitration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n< 0.5%<\/td>\nKarl Fischer Titration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb dung d\u1ecbch methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n

Methanol (CH3OH) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 Natri Hydroxit (NaOH) ho\u1eb7c Kali Hydroxit (KOH)) l\u00e0 hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng transesterification. C\u1ea7n c\u00e2n \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 methanol:d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 1:6 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c:d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 1:100. H\u00f2a tan ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o methanol cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Transesterification<\/h3>\n

Tr\u1ed9n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. Khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 60-65\u00b0C trong kho\u1ea3ng 1-2 gi\u1edd. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p trong su\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1ch glycerin v\u00e0 r\u1eeda biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh hai l\u1edbp: l\u1edbp biodiesel \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1edbp glycerin \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch hai l\u1edbp n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ec5u chi\u1ebft. Sau khi t\u00e1ch glycerin, biodiesel c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Biodiesel sau khi r\u1eeda c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m nh\u01b0 Magie Sunfat khan (MgSO4).<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt, \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n. N\u00ean t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba gi\u00fap t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biodiesel t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45244\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}