{"id":47700,"date":"2023-04-22T00:02:55","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-material\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:20:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:20:16","slug":"how-to-make-piezoelectric-material","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-material\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.  Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.  B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh: g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 polymer. G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 PZT (ch\u00ec zirconat titanat), th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t. Polymer \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/th>\n<th>G\u1ed1m (PZT)<\/th>\n<th>Polymer (PVDF)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>Trung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\n<td>K\u00e9m<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<td>Cao h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Pha tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a, kh\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nung:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 perovskite,  l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c:<\/strong> Sau khi nung, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n tinh th\u1ec3, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong> Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o polymer \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Polymer \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 PVDF, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c di\u1ec5n ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.  T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, polymer c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1eadu ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5,  c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, t\u1eeb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1eadu ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.  S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai,  h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26463,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47700"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47700\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26463"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}