{"id":47724,"date":"2023-04-22T00:01:02","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T05:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-crystal\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:20:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:20:13","slug":"how-to-make-piezoelectric-crystal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-make-piezoelectric-crystal\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PZT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, trong khi PZT c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\nC\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PVDF<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t, nh\u1eb9<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n PZT<\/td>\nC\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, micro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tinh th\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea1ch anh)<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea1ch anh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra trong n\u1ed3i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, n\u01a1i th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft tinh l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea7m tinh th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PZT)<\/h3>\n

G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n PZT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u00eau k\u1ebft. B\u1ed9t g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac g\u1ed1m \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

C\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng<\/h3>\n

Sau khi tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00eau k\u1ebft, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean, tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47724","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47724"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47724\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}