{"id":49740,"date":"2023-04-21T15:44:20","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T20:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-to-convert-diesel-to-biodiesel\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:15:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:15:09","slug":"how-to-convert-diesel-to-biodiesel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-to-convert-diesel-to-biodiesel\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel th\u00e0nh biodiesel hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel sinh h\u1ecdc (biodiesel) \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel sang biodiesel, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel th\u00e0nh biodiesel.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel th\u00e0nh biodiesel<\/h3>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n este (transesterification), li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 methanol) v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 natri ho\u1eb7c kali hydroxit). Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra biodiesel v\u00e0 glycerin, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd, methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t. Methanol ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Pha tr\u1ed9n methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c:<\/strong> Methanol v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u trong m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 methoxide.<\/li>\n
  2. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n este:<\/strong> D\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p (kho\u1ea3ng 55-60\u00b0C). Sau \u0111\u00f3, methoxide \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u trong kho\u1ea3ng 1-2 gi\u1edd.<\/li>\n
  3. T\u00e1ch glycerin:<\/strong> Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng. Biodiesel s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n glycerin n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y. Glycerin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra.<\/li>\n
  4. R\u1eeda biodiesel:<\/strong> Biodiesel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 methanol.<\/li>\n
  5. S\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 biodiesel:<\/strong> Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, biodiesel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 methanol\/d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i biodiesel li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m. C\u1ea7n \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay, k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\n\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm. Qu\u00e1 cao: t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i: l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 methanol\/d\u1ea7u<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Qu\u00e1 cao: kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch glycerin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 \u00edt: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm. Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u: t\u1ea1o x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch biodiesel.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel th\u00e0nh biodiesel l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biodiesel. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, n\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel sinh h\u1ecdc (biodiesel) \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u diesel sang biodiesel, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26459,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49740"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49740\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}