{"id":50756,"date":"2023-04-21T14:32:25","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T19:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-does-an-ultrasonic-sensor-work\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:12:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:12:20","slug":"how-does-an-ultrasonic-sensor-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-does-an-ultrasonic-sensor-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u00f3ng \u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch d\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i.  \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111o m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n trong robot, \u0111\u1ed7 xe t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t xung s\u00f3ng \u00e2m ng\u1eafn \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 si\u00eau \u00e2m, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nghe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (tr\u00ean 20kHz). S\u00f3ng \u00e2m n\u00e0y lan truy\u1ec1n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n. Khi g\u1eb7p v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u00f3ng \u00e2m b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111o th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t ra xung \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p>Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u00f3ng \u00e2m truy\u1ec1n \u0111i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch = (T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh x Th\u1eddi gian) \/ 2<\/p>\n<p>Chia cho 2 l\u00e0 do th\u1eddi gian \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian s\u00f3ng \u00e2m \u0111i v\u00e0 v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t (Transmitter):<\/strong>  Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o ra s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 thu (Receiver):<\/strong>  Nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1eeb v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Control unit):<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong> T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u00f3c t\u1edbi:<\/strong> G\u00f3c gi\u1eefa s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n:<\/strong> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ec1m, x\u1ed1p s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00f3ng \u00e2m h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\n<th>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m thanh t\u0103ng khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u0103ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u00f3c t\u1edbi<\/td>\n<td>G\u00f3c t\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 90 \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> \u0110o m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Robot:<\/strong>  Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d4 t\u00f4:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed7 xe, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o va ch\u1ea1m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> Si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t, cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u00f3ng \u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch d\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i. \u1ee8ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50756"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50756\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}