{"id":50868,"date":"2023-04-21T14:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T19:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-does-a-piezoelectric-sensor-work\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:12:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:12:01","slug":"how-does-a-piezoelectric-sensor-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-does-a-piezoelectric-sensor-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1880 b\u1edfi anh em Pierre v\u00e0 Jacques Curie. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb y t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PZT)<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p<\/td>\nD\u1ec5 v\u1ee1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tinh th\u1ec3 th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. Khi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1edfi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra: khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> \u0110o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong l\u1ed1p xe, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn gia t\u1ed1c:<\/strong> \u0110o gia t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
  • C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e2m thanh:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m thanh th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n trong micro, loa, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u00e1nh l\u1eeda:<\/strong> T\u1ea1o ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n trong b\u1eadt l\u1eeda gas v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong.<\/li>\n
  • Y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111a n\u0103ng v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1880 b\u1edfi anh em Pierre v\u00e0 Jacques Curie. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o ra<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50868"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50868\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}