{"id":51116,"date":"2023-04-21T14:10:17","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T19:10:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-do-piezoelectric-devices-work\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:11:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:11:26","slug":"how-do-piezoelectric-devices-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-do-piezoelectric-devices-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00fa v\u1ecb, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.  Ch\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eeb b\u1eadt l\u1eeda gas \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m tinh vi. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 PZT &#8211; ch\u00ec zirconat titanat), v\u00e0 polyme \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 PVDF &#8211; polyvinylidene fluoride).<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<td>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh cao<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PZT)<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ec5 v\u1ee1, k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Polyme \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (PVDF)<\/td>\n<td>Linh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n g\u1ed1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong y t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.  Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, gia t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.  Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang trong b\u1eadt l\u1eeda gas, loa, v\u00e0 microphone.  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>  \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> \u0110o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong l\u1ed1p xe, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.  C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n.  S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1edbi cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00fa v\u1ecb, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51116\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}