{"id":51444,"date":"2023-04-21T13:49:53","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:49:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-ultrasonic-sound-generator\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:10:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:10:19","slug":"diy-ultrasonic-sound-generator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/diy-ultrasonic-sound-generator\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u00e2m thanh si\u00eau \u00e2m DIY c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Linh ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
B\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 555<\/td>\nT\u1ea1o xung vu\u00f4ng<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/td>\nKh\u00e1ng tr\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\n2 (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nL\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\n2 (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Loa si\u00eau \u00e2m (transducer)<\/td>\nBi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n DC<\/td>\nCung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n1 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 5V – 12V)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch (breadboard\/PCB)<\/td>\nN\u01a1i l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00e2y n\u1ed1i<\/td>\nK\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n<\/td>\nV\u00e0i s\u1ee3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

M\u1ea1ch dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 555 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra xung vu\u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mong mu\u1ed1n. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch. Xung vu\u00f4ng n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o loa si\u00eau \u00e2m, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/h3>\n

T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (R1, R2) v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n (C1) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ch 555. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

f = 1.44 \/ ((R1 + 2R2) <\/em> C1)<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a R1, R2 v\u00e0 C1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mong mu\u1ed1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 40kHz, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng R1 = 1k\u03a9, R2 = 10k\u03a9 v\u00e0 C1 = 1nF.<\/p>\n

L\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 555. H\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00fang c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a loa si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

Sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p xong, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y \u00e2m thanh n\u00e0o v\u00ec s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi nghe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n loa si\u00eau \u00e2m. N\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mong mu\u1ed1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. L\u01b0u \u00fd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m DIY kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi si\u00eau \u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u00e2m thanh si\u00eau \u00e2m DIY c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua qu\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19239,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51444\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}