{"id":51532,"date":"2023-04-21T13:44:03","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:44:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-ultrasonic-microphone\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:10:03","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:10:03","slug":"diy-ultrasonic-microphone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/diy-ultrasonic-microphone\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf micro si\u00eau \u00e2m: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf micro si\u00eau \u00e2m (ultrasonic microphone) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t micro si\u00eau \u00e2m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t micro si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

Micro si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi micro th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, micro si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 20kHz \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i MHz. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Linh Ki\u1ec7n C\u1ea7n Thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t micro si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng linh ki\u1ec7n sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Linh Ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 T\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m 40kHz ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/td>\nDo t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng d\u1ea3i<\/td>\nGi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nC\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nCung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ea1ch in (PCB)<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ec3 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf h\u1ed9p<\/td>\nB\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c B\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ef1c Hi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch<\/strong>: V\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n
  2. H\u00e0n linh ki\u1ec7n<\/strong>: G\u1eafn c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean m\u1ea1ch in theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng linh ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
  3. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea1ch<\/strong>: Sau khi h\u00e0n xong, ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
  4. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>: K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
  5. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a micro. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1o s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Kh\u1eafc Ph\u1ee5c S\u1ef1 C\u1ed1<\/h3>\n

    N\u1ebfu micro kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00fang c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n

    Micro si\u00eau \u00e2m t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed gas.<\/li>\n
    • \u0110o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
    • Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
    • Ghi \u00e2m \u00e2m thanh si\u00eau \u00e2m trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf micro si\u00eau \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a micro t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf micro si\u00eau \u00e2m (ultrasonic microphone) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t micro si\u00eau \u00e2m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26750,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51532"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51532\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}