{"id":51916,"date":"2023-04-21T13:19:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T18:19:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/diy-sonar-transducer\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:09:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:09:16","slug":"diy-sonar-transducer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/diy-sonar-transducer\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Sonar: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar (transducer) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u00e2m h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Sonar<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t xung s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t xung v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m:<\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m 40kHz th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c module c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u:<\/strong>  C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn):<\/strong>  \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1ecf ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>  B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, h\u00e0n ch\u00ec, v.v.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m, b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng) theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea1ch:<\/strong>  \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u1ecf ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>  \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o v\u1ecf ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u00edn kh\u00edt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n):<\/strong>  N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea7m ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng s\u1ebd ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.  Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng xa h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 (kHz)<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea7m ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea7m ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n, v.v.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a sonar v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m.  Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sonar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar (transducer) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u00e2m h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 sonar \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26939,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51916","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51916"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51916\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}