{"id":53398,"date":"2022-10-04T16:48:26","date_gmt":"2022-10-04T21:48:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/how-does-sonication-work\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:12:45","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:12:45","slug":"how-does-sonication-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/how-does-sonication-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi nghe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (tr\u00ean 20kHz), \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. V\u1eady si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>Si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd cavitation.  Khi s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m lan truy\u1ec1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p xen k\u1ebd nhau. Trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed nh\u1ecf li ti (microbubbles) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t trong v\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp trung r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c cao t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cavitation<\/h3>\n<p>Cavitation l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a bong b\u00f3ng cavitation c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch:<\/strong> L\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a bong b\u00f3ng gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, m\u1ea3ng b\u00e1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00e0n:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> Si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> Si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh si\u00eau \u00e2m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\n<th>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra cavitation m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea1o ra cavitation m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1eddi gian si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi si\u00eau \u00e2m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/h3>\n<p>Si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, h\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng, ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0, v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cavitation, l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.  S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau \u00e2m h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi nghe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (tr\u00ean 20kHz), \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1224,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53398\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}