{"id":53425,"date":"2022-10-04T13:39:28","date_gmt":"2022-10-04T18:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/an-overview-of-piezoelectricity\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:05:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:05:47","slug":"an-overview-of-piezoelectricity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/an-overview-of-piezoelectricity\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.  Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ean trong tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 co gi\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh, tourmaline v\u00e0 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 PZT (ch\u00ec zirconat titanat).  M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, b\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\n<td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 si\u00eau \u00e2m, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tourmaline<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn:<\/strong> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn gia t\u1ed1c, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 si\u00eau \u00e2m:<\/strong> Trong y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 si\u00eau \u00e2m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda:<\/strong>  B\u1eadt l\u1eeda s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 robot.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>  N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.  Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cho t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.  S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4869,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53425"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53425\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}