{"id":54739,"date":"2022-07-09T05:40:48","date_gmt":"2022-07-09T10:40:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/piezoelectric-effect-and-its-importance-in-nanopositioning\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T07:25:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T12:25:41","slug":"piezoelectric-effect-and-its-importance-in-nanopositioning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/piezoelectric-effect-and-its-importance-in-nanopositioning\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 trong nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.  M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nanomet.  S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.  Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.  Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nanomet.  C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea1ch anh, g\u1ed1m \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 PZT) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c polyme \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.  K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang gi\u00fap t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 nano.  H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi nanomet.  Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi l\u1ef1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (AFM):<\/strong>  B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 AFM, cho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi qu\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m (STM):<\/strong>  T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 AFM, STM s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, cho ph\u00e9p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt:<\/strong>  Nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong>  B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vi m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n quang h\u1ecdc:<\/strong>  Nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>G\u1ed1m PZT<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn, l\u1ef1c cao<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1ea1ch anh<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Polyme<\/td>\n<td>Linh ho\u1ea1t, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.  \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb.  Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.  C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.  T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano.  V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nano \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18849,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6406],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54739"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54739\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bjultrasonic.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}